Increased mitochondrial (mt) genomes can provide more sets of genome‐level characteristics for resolving deeper phylogeny. Limited information with respect to the Trochoidea mitochondrial genome organization is available; besides, monophyly and internal relationships of the superfamily still remain a matter of discussion. To resolve the monophyly and internal phylogenetic controversies of Trochoidea and expand our understanding for mt genomic characteristic evolution among Trochoidea, the phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using 13 newly sequenced complete mt genomes and 35 genomes from GenBank, and both the maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses were highly supported. Vetigastropoda phylogenetic analyses recovered the monophyly of Trochoidea. Trochoidea phylogenetic analyses and genetic distances supported the non‐monophyly of Tegulidae and Tegula, indicating that the taxonomic status of several genera (Rochia, Tectus and Cittarium) should be revised and Tegula, Omphalius and Chlorostoma should be placed as a same genus. The close affinity between Tectus virgatus and Rochia was also revealed. Three‐nucleotide insertion in nad1, nine‐nucleotide insertion and six‐nucleotide deletion in nad5 are detected in Tegulidae, Tectus and Rochia, respectively. Gene orders within Trochoidea are stable, with gene rearrangements exclusive to tRNA genes observed. Homoplasious convergences because of trnT rearrangement display translocation in Turbinidae and reversion in Trochidae and Calliostomatida. For trnE and trnG, we identify 11 arrangement types, suggesting that the gene rearrangement history needs to be further evaluated. Our study emphasizes the importance of mt genomes in resolving phylogenetic relationships within Trochoidea. In addition, the mt genomic characters would contribute new insights into the classification of Trochoidea.

中文翻译：

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Trochoidea (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda) 的线粒体基因组系统发育：来自增加的完整基因组的新见解

增加的线粒体 (mt) 基因组可以提供更多的基因组水平特征，以解决更深层次的系统发育问题。关于 Trochoidea 线粒体基因组组织的信息有限；此外，超家族的单一性和内部关系仍然是一个讨论的问题。为了解决 Trochoidea 的单系和内部系统发育争议，并扩大我们对 Trochoidea 之间 mt 基因组特征进化的理解，使用 13 个新测序的完整 mt 基因组和 GenBank 的 35 个基因组重建系统发育树，并进行了最大似然和贝叶斯推理分析。高度支持。Vetigastropoda 系统发育分析恢复了 Trochoidea 的单系。Trochoidea 系统发育分析和遗传距离支持 Tegulidae 和 Tegula 的非单系性，表明应该修改几个属（Rochia、Tectus 和 Cittarium）的分类地位，并将 Tegula、Omphalius 和 Chlorostoma 归为同一属。还揭示了 Tectus virgatus 和 Rochia 之间的密切关系。分别在 Tegulidae、Tectus 和 Rochia 中检测到 nad1 中的 3 个核苷酸插入、nad5 中的 9 个核苷酸插入和 6 个核苷酸缺失。Trochoidea 内的基因顺序是稳定的，观察到 tRNA 基因独有的基因重排。由于 trnT 重排在 Turbinidae 中显示易位和在 Trochidae 和 Calliostomatida 中逆转，同质性收敛。对于 trnE 和 trnG，我们确定了 11 种排列类型，表明基因重排历史需要进一步评估。我们的研究强调了 mt 基因组在解决 Trochoidea 内系统发育关系中的重要性。此外，mt 基因组特征将为 Trochoidea 的分类提供新的见解。