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Nutrient sensing in Leishmania: Flagellum and cytosol
Molecular Microbiology ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 , DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14635
Felice D Kelly 1 , Phillip A Yates 2 , Scott M Landfear 1
Affiliation  

Parasites are by definition organisms that utilize resources from a host to support their existence, thus, promoting their ability to establish long-term infections and disease. Hence, sensing and acquiring nutrients for which the parasite and host compete is central to the parasitic mode of existence. Leishmania are flagellated kinetoplastid parasites that parasitize phagocytic cells, principally macrophages, of vertebrate hosts and the alimentary tract of sand fly vectors. Because nutritional supplies vary over time within both these hosts and are often restricted in availability, these parasites must sense a plethora of nutrients and respond accordingly. The flagellum has been recognized as an “antenna” that plays a core role in sensing environmental conditions, and various flagellar proteins have been implicated in sensing roles. In addition, these parasites exhibit non-flagellar intracellular mechanisms of nutrient sensing, several of which have been explored. Nonetheless, mechanistic details of these sensory pathways are still sparse and represent a challenging frontier for further experimental exploration.

中文翻译:

利什曼原虫的营养感应:鞭毛和胞质溶胶

根据定义,寄生虫是利用宿主的资源来支持它们的存在的生物,从而提高它们建立长期感染和疾病的能力。因此,感知和获取寄生虫和宿主竞争的营养物质是寄生虫生存模式的核心。利什曼原虫是有鞭毛的动质体寄生虫,寄生于脊椎动物宿主的吞噬细胞(主要是巨噬细胞)和沙蝇载体的消化道。由于这些宿主内的营养供应会随着时间的推移而变化,并且通常在可用性方面受到限制,因此这些寄生虫必须感知过多的营养并做出相应的反应。鞭毛已被公认为在感知环境条件中起核心作用的“天线”,并且各种鞭毛蛋白与感知作用有关。此外,这些寄生虫表现出营养感应的非鞭毛细胞内机制,其中一些已经被探索。尽管如此,这些感觉通路的机械细节仍然很少,并且代表了进一步实验探索的具有挑战性的前沿。
更新日期:2020-10-28
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