Introduction

In order to achieve a satisfactory functional and aesthetic result a thin skin flap is often required in surgical reconstruction of various body regions. Perforator flaps based on either the superficial or deep branch of the superficial circumflex iliac artery (SCIA) have been used for this purpose mainly in the Asian population. Recently the superficial plane has been established as a new way of elevating the flap. Anatomical studies and details of this new flap are lacking.

Material and methods

Wide areas were harvested subfascially from the groin of Thiel-fixated cadavers. Both deep and superficial branches of the superficial circumflex iliac artery were carefully dissected and individually injected with μAngiofil. After CT-imaging the flaps were raised on the superficial plane, perforators were marked and the flaps subsequently rescanned. High-resolution images of regions of interest were taken using micro-CT.

Results

A total of 21 flaps were harvested and analyzed. Both the deep and superficial branch provided more than three perforators per branch, however, the deep branch based flap was significantly larger (202 vs. 112 cm², p < 0.01) and had a longer pedicle (9.1 vs. 6.6 cm, p < 0.01). Raising the flap in the superficial plane reliably reduces bulk and increases homogeneity.

Conclusions

The SCIP flap appears to have a reliable vascular blood supply. The SCIA and its main branches and perforators have a consistent vascular pattern. The deep branch of the SCIA has the anatomic potential to be the preferred pedicle in case larger flaps with longer pedicles are necessary.

中文翻译：

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旋回髂浅动脉穿支（SCIP）皮瓣的解剖可靠性

介绍

为了获得令人满意的功能和美学效果，在身体各部位的外科重建中通常需要薄皮瓣。基于旋髂浅动脉 (SCIA) 浅支或深支的穿支皮瓣主要用于亚洲人群。最近，表面平面被确立为一种提升皮瓣的新方法。缺乏这种新皮瓣的解剖学研究和细节。

材料与方法

从 Thiel 固定的尸体的腹股沟处从筋膜下收获了大片区域。旋回髂浅动脉的深支和浅支都被仔细解剖并单独注射 μAngiofil。CT 成像后，将皮瓣抬高至浅表，标记穿支，随后重新扫描皮瓣。使用显微 CT 拍摄感兴趣区域的高分辨率图像。

结果

共收获并分析了 21 个皮瓣。深支和浅支为每个分支提供超过三个穿支，然而，基于深支的皮瓣明显更大（202 vs. 112 cm ²，p < 0.01）并且有更长的蒂（9.1 vs. 6.6 cm，p < 0.01）。在浅平面上抬高皮瓣可以可靠地减少体积并增加均匀性。

结论

SCIP 皮瓣似乎有可靠的血管血液供应。SCIA 及其主要分支和穿支具有一致的血管模式。SCIA 的深支有可能成为首选的蒂，以防需要更长的蒂更大的皮瓣。