Hematopoiesis is the process by which both fetal and adult organisms derive the full repertoire of blood cells from a single multipotent progenitor cell type, the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Correct enactment of this process relies on a synergistic interplay between genetically encoded differentiation programs and a host of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors. These include the influence of the HSC niche microenvironment, action of specific transcription factors, and alterations in intracellular metabolic state. The consolidation of these inputs with the genetically encoded program into a coherent differentiation program for each lineage is thought to rely on epigenetic modifiers. Recent work has delineated the precise contributions of different classes of epigenetic modifiers to HSC self-renewal as well as lineage specification and differentiation into various cell types. Here, we bring together what is currently known about chromatin status and the development of cells in the hematopoietic system under normal and abnormal conditions.

造血是胎儿和成年生物体从单一多能祖细胞类型，即造血干细胞 (HSC) 中获得完整血细胞库的过程。这一过程的正确实施依赖于基因编码的分化程序与许多细胞内在和细胞外在因素之间的协同相互作用。这些包括 HSC 生态位微环境的影响、特定转录因子的作用以及细胞内代谢状态的改变。将这些输入与遗传编码程序合并为每个谱系的连贯分化程序被认为依赖于表观遗传修饰符。最近的工作描绘了不同类别的表观遗传修饰符对 HSC 自我更新以及谱系规范和分化为各种细胞类型的精确贡献。在这里，我们汇集了目前已知的染色质状态以及正常和异常条件下造血系统中细胞的发育。