The vascular endothelium serves as a dynamic barrier that separates blood from interstitia. Endothelial cells (ECs) respond rapidly to changes in the circulation and actively regulate vessel tone, permeability, and platelet functions. ECs also secrete angiocrine factors that dictate the function of adjacent parenchymal cells in an organ-specific manner. Endothelial dysfunction is considered as a hallmark of metabolic diseases. However, there is emerging evidence that ECs modulate the transfer of nutrients and hormones to parenchymal cells in response to alterations in metabolic profile. As such, a causal role for ECs in systemic metabolic dysregulation can be envisaged. This review summarizes recent progress in the understanding of regulated fatty acid, glucose, and insulin transport across the endothelium and discusses its pathophysiological implications.

血管内皮充当将血液与间质分离的动态屏障。内皮细胞 (EC) 对循环中的变化做出快速反应，并积极调节血管张力、通透性和血小板功能。ECs 还分泌血管分泌因子，以器官特异性方式决定相邻实质细胞的功能。内皮功能障碍被认为是代谢疾病的标志。然而，有新的证据表明 ECs 调节营养物质和激素向实质细胞的转移，以响应代谢特征的改变。因此，可以设想 EC 在全身代谢失调中的因果作用。本综述总结了对受调控脂肪酸、葡萄糖、