No existing automated vehicle can operate in all conditions and environments. In order to allow unmanned operation of automated vehicles in all conditions, many developers have the capability for human drivers to operate the vehicle from a remote location using wireless communication. This practice, referred to as remote operation or teleoperation, is prevalent among industry, yet has received little attention in the legal and transportation literature. This paper describes the legal environment for remote operation of vehicles, both in terms of existing motor vehicle codes and model legislation. The operational performance of remote operation is explored, and a model is developed to estimate the number of remote operators needed to manage large automated vehicle fleets using reasonable assumptions.

现有的自动驾驶汽车无法在所有条件和环境下运行。为了允许自动驾驶汽车在所有条件下无人驾驶，许多开发人员具有人类驾驶员使用无线通信从远程位置操纵汽车的能力。这种被称为远程操作或远程操作的做法在行业中很普遍，但是在法律和运输文献中却很少受到关注。本文根据现有的机动车法规和示范法规，描述了车辆远程操作的法律环境。探索了远程操作的操作性能，并开发了一个模型，以使用合理的假设来估计管理大型自动车辆车队所需的远程操作员的数量。