Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulation of various diseases including cancer has been extensively studied. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) elevated by oxidative stress are associated with cancer progression and drug resistance, while autophagy serves as an ROS scavenger in cancer cells. However, the regulatory effects of ncRNAs on autophagy and ROS in various cancer cells remains complex. Here, we explore how currently investigated ncRNAs, mainly miRNAs and lncRNAs, are involved in ROS production through modulating antioxidant genes. The regulatory effects of miRNAs and lncRNAs on autophagy-related (ATG) proteins to control autophagy activity in cancer cells are discussed. Moreover, differential expression of ncRNAs in tumor and normal tissues of cancer patients are further analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. This review hypothesizes links between ATG genes- or antioxidant genes-modulated ncRNAs and ROS production, which might result in tumorigenesis, malignancy, and cancer recurrence. A better understanding of the regulation of ROS and autophagy by ncRNAs might advance the use of ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers as well as therapeutic targets in cancer therapy.

包括癌症在内的各种疾病的非编码 RNA (ncRNA) 调控已被广泛研究。由氧化应激升高的反应性氧化物质 (ROS) 与癌症进展和耐药性有关，而自噬在癌细胞中充当 ROS 清除剂。然而，ncRNAs对各种癌细胞自噬和活性氧的调节作用仍然很复杂。在这里，我们探讨了目前研究的 ncRNA，主要是 miRNA 和 lncRNA，如何通过调节抗氧化基因参与 ROS 的产生。讨论了 miRNA 和 lncRNA 对自噬相关 (ATG) 蛋白的调节作用，以控制癌细胞中的自噬活性。此外，使用癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）数据库进一步分析了癌症患者肿瘤和正常组织中 ncRNA 的差异表达。这篇综述假设了 ATG 基因或抗氧化基因调节的 ncRNA 与 ROS 产生之间的联系，这可能导致肿瘤发生、恶性肿瘤和癌症复发。更好地了解 ncRNA 对 ROS 和自噬的调节可能会促进 ncRNA 作为诊断和预后标志物以及癌症治疗中的治疗靶点的使用。