Abstract With the increasing access of renewable energy resources and fast ubiquitous connection of everything, the traditional one-way power flow from centralized generation to end consumers will give way to bidirectional-way power flow with multidirectional energy network among central grids and distributed prosumers. To empower the prosumer-centric Energy Internet (EI) and enhance the integration of energy-aware services, digitalization and decentralization are the key enablers to achieve transactive EI. This article presents a systematic overview on how Internet of Things (IoT) drives the digitalization of transactive EI and how blockchain empowers the decentralization of transactive EI. A comprehensive discussion on the key infrastructures is provided for presenting how to implement digitalization and decentralization of transactive EI, including the last mile “Advanced metering infrastructure” (AMI), renewables integrator “smart inverter”, energy flow adjuster “energy router”, and coordinator “Microgrid”. Challenges and future trends are discussed from an extensive point of view, including energy physical space, data cyber space and human social space.

中文翻译：

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数字化和去中心化驱动交互能源互联网：关键技术和基础设施

摘要 随着可再生能源的日益普及和万物快速无处不在的连接，从集中发电到终端消费者的传统单向潮流将让位于中央电网和分布式产消者之间的多向能源网络的双向潮流。为了赋能以产消者为中心的能源互联网（EI）并加强能源感知服务的整合，数字化和去中心化是实现交互式 EI 的关键推动因素。本文系统概述了物联网 (IoT) 如何推动交互 EI 的数字化以及区块链如何赋能交互 EI 的去中心化。提供了对关键基础设施的全面讨论，以展示如何实现交互 EI 的数字化和去中心化，包括最后一英里“高级计量基础设施”（AMI）、可再生能源集成商“智能逆变器”、能量流调节器“能源路由器”和协调器“微电网”。从广泛的角度讨论了挑战和未来趋势，包括能源物理空间、数据网络空间和人类社会空间。