Abstract In this study, we employ a nucleation additive 4-octylbenzoic acid (OBA) with an optimized solvent evaporation method to regulate crystal orientation and grain width of small-molecule organic semiconductors. When 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS pentacene) was utilized as a benchmark material to mix with the additive, a self-assembled OBA interfacial layer was formed and promoted uniform deposition of nucleation seeds. As a result, the TIPS pentacene/OBA blend crystalline film exhibited crystal alignment in long range order, attributing to a 11-fold reduction of the crystal misorientation angle and a 4-fold increase of the grain width. We further discussed the important correlation between the effective hole mobility, grain boundaries, grain width and length, and nucleation sites. Organic thin film transistors were fabricated to test charge transport, yielding a hole mobility of up to 0.17 cm2/V. This work provides a new pathway to modulate the nucleation and crystallization events of organic semiconductors, and can potentially be applied to optimize the thin film morphology and electrical performance of organic semiconducting materials in general.

中文翻译：

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具有成核添加剂的小分子有机半导体的晶体生长

摘要 在这项研究中，我们采用成核添加剂 4-辛基苯甲酸 (OBA) 和优化的溶剂蒸发方法来调节小分子有机半导体的晶体取向和晶粒宽度。当 6,13-​​双（三异丙基甲硅烷基乙炔基）并五苯（TIPS 并五苯）用作基准材料与添加剂混合时，形成自组装 OBA 界面层并促进成核种子的均匀沉积。结果，TIPS 并五苯/OBA 共混结晶膜表现出长程有序的晶体排列，归因于晶体取向角减小 11 倍和晶粒宽度增加 4 倍。我们进一步讨论了有效空穴迁移率、晶界、晶粒宽度和长度以及成核位点之间的重要相关性。制造有机薄膜晶体管以测试电荷传输，产生高达 0.17 cm2/V 的空穴迁移率。这项工作为调节有机半导体的成核和结晶事件提供了一条新途径，并且可以潜在地应用于优化一般有机半导体材料的薄膜形态和电性能。