In this work, allicin was evaluated as an immunostimulant and antioxidant agent preventing Nile tilapia; Oreochromis niloticus against carbofuran toxicity. Fish (60 ± 8 g) were allocated to five groups; the first group (control), the second group was fed 1 g/kg allicin–supplemented diets without carbofuran intoxication, the third group exposed to 1/10 LC₅₀ carbofuran (0.246 mg/L). While the fourth, and fifth groups were fed allicin supplemented diet at concentration of 0.5 and 1 g/kg diet, respectively, and exposed to carbofuran at the same concentration similar to the one of the third group. After 30 days, fish exposed to carbofuran showed high ALT, AST, ALP, cholesterol, glucose, cortisol, uric acid, and creatinine levels. However, serum AChE, total proteins, immunoglobulins, and lysozyme activity were markedly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced in carbofuran exposed tilapia fish. Moreover, malondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly increased in liver, and kidneys tissues of carbofuran exposed fish. Whereas, catalase (CAT) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were decreased (P ≤ 0.05) significantly in both liver, and kidneys tissues after exposure to carbofuran. Interestingly, tilapia fish treated with carbofuran (0.246 mg/L) and fed (0.5 and 1 g/kg diet) allicin in both the 4th & 5th groups, respectively, decreased serum biochemical parameters; and hepatorenal (MDA) levels, as well as increased AChE, immunological profile, and oxidative stress biomarkers. The results suggested that co- administration of allicin at the high dose is more capable of improving the biochemical, and immunological parameters, and tissue antioxidant responses of carbofuran treated fish.

在这项工作中，大蒜素被评估为预防尼罗罗非鱼的免疫刺激剂和抗氧化剂。尼罗罗非鱼对呋喃丹的毒性。鱼（60±8克）分为五组；第一组（对照组），第二组饲喂1 g / kg大蒜素补充饮食，无卡百威中毒，第三组暴露于1/10 LC ₅₀呋喃丹（0.246 mg / L）。第四组和第五组分别以0.5和1 g / kg饮食的浓度饲喂补充大蒜素的饮食，并以与第三组相同的浓度暴露于呋喃丹中。30天后，暴露于呋喃丹的鱼显示出高ALT，AST，ALP，胆固醇，葡萄糖，皮质醇，尿酸和肌酐水平。然而，在暴露于卡巴呋喃的罗非鱼中，血清AChE，总蛋白，免疫球蛋白和溶菌酶活性显着降低（P≤0.05）。而且，暴露于呋喃丹的鱼的肝脏和肾脏组织中的丙二醛（MDA）水平显着增加。暴露于呋喃丹后，肝脏和肾脏组织的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和总抗氧化能力（TAC）均显着降低（P≤0.05）。有趣的是，在第4和第5组中，分别用卡百呋喃（0.246 mg / L）和饲喂（0.5和1 g / kg饮食）大蒜素处理的罗非鱼鱼的血清生化参数降低；和肝肾（MDA）水平，以及增加的AChE，免疫学特征和氧化应激生物标志物。结果表明，高剂量大蒜素的共同给药更有能力改善经呋喃丹处理的鱼的生化和免疫学参数以及组织抗氧化反应。