Coping styles (CS) reflect individuals' habitual use of strategies for coping with negative events in daily life. Although research into coping has not reached consistent agreement about classifying coping strategies as either inherently adaptive or maladaptive, the influence of maladaptive CS on mental health is noticeable. CS might also be related to emotion regulation and associated brain systems. Participants (N = 165) completed measurements of CS, trait emotions including trait anxiety, depressive symptoms and happiness and then performed an emotion regulation task, in conjunction with functional MRI. Individual differences in maladaptive CS use were associated with higher trait negative emotionality and higher state reactivity of negative emotion. Concurrent bilateral amygdala-right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) connectivity during passive negative stimulus processing mediated the relation between maladaptive CS and negative emotion ratings. Psychophysiological interaction analyses showed that maladaptive and adaptive CS were linked to patterns of frontal-subcortical connectivity during state emotion regulation. These results suggest that maladaptive CS might be related to negative emotion processing and weaker spontaneous regulation and indicate that maladaptive CS is a risk factor in individual mental health.

应对方式（CS）反映了个人习惯性地使用策略来应对日常生活中的负面事件。尽管应对方法的研究尚未就将应对策略归类为固有适应性或适应不良的方法达成一致意见，但适应不良的CS对心理健康的影响却很明显。CS可能还与情绪调节和相关的大脑系统有关。参与者（N = 165）完成了CS的测量，包括特质焦虑，抑郁症状和幸福感在内的特质情绪的测量，然后结合功能性MRI进行了情绪调节任务。适应不良的CS使用的个体差异与较高的性格负面情绪和较高的负面情绪状态反应性相关。被动负刺激过程中并发的双侧杏仁核-右中额回（MFG）连通性介导了适应不良的CS与负性情绪等级之间的关系。心理生理相互作用分析表明，在状态情绪调节过程中，适应不良和适应性CS与额下皮质连接的模式有关。这些结果表明，适应不良的CS可能与负性情绪处理和较弱的自发调节有关，并表明适应不良的CS是个体心理健康的危险因素。