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Does size matter? Examining the possible mechanisms of multi-stallion groups in horse societies
Behavioural Processes ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104277
Pandora Pinto , Satoshi Hirata

In some feral horse populations, adult females are either associated with a single male or multiple males (stallions). However, little is known on why such groups with more than one male exist, considering that stallions fight to monopolize females. Body size is often an important determinant of male fighting ability and/or dominance rank and, consequently, reproductive success. Stallions may, therefore, vary in "quality" which could be a differentiating factor between single-stallion and multi-stallion males. We observed feral Garrano horses in Northern Portugal and examined the relationship between body size, sex, group type and number of females. Using a non-invasive laser distance meter, we determined individual body length and height by overlapping photos of the horses and a measuring tape. We tested the accuracy of remote measurements by comparison with manually measuring domestic horses and found no statistical differences between the two methods. Thus, we assume the values obtained were reliable and the methodology used was a useful tool for assessing morphological characteristics. Results showed no significant differences in body length and height for all parameters assessed, suggesting that size is not a determinant factor for feral horse society. Thus, other factors may be more important to explain the existence of single and multi-stallion groups.

中文翻译:

大小重要吗?检查马社会中多种马群的可能机制

在一些野马种群中,成年雌性与单个雄性或多个雄性(种马)相关联。然而,考虑到种马为垄断雌性而斗争,人们对为什么存在这样一个不止一只雄性的群体知之甚少。体型通常是男性战斗能力和/或优势等级以及繁殖成功的重要决定因素。因此,种马的“质量”可能会有所不同,这可能是单种种马和多种种马之间的差异因素。我们在葡萄牙北部观察了野生 Garrano 马,并检查了体型、性别、群体类型和雌性数量之间的关系。使用非侵入式激光测距仪,我们通过重叠马匹和卷尺的照片来确定个体的长度和高度。我们通过与手动测量家马的比较来测试远程测量的准确性,发现两种方法之间没有统计学差异。因此,我们假设获得的值是可靠的,并且所使用的方法是评估形态特征的有用工具。结果显示,所有评估参数的体长和身高没有显着差异,这表明体型不是野马社会的决定因素。因此,其他因素对于解释单种马和多种种马群的存在可能更为重要。结果显示,所有评估参数的体长和身高没有显着差异,这表明体型不是野马社会的决定因素。因此,其他因素对于解释单种马和多种种马群的存在可能更为重要。结果显示,所有评估参数的体长和身高没有显着差异,这表明体型不是野马社会的决定因素。因此,其他因素对于解释单种马和多种种马群的存在可能更为重要。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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