Efficiently retrieving a subset of time series data in a specific sky region from large-scale astronomical observation data is important for some time-domain studies in astronomy, especially for research on long-term variable sources. Considering that the field of view of a telescope is generally larger than the effective sky region, the retrieval method at the full image level is relatively inefficient in terms of data transmission and storage. Therefore, this paper proposes a search engine dedicated to the efficient retrieval of time-series subimages in observed image data archives (Astro-TS3, Astronomical Time-Series Subimage Search Engine). An in situ and resilient indexing scheme is proposed, and it can build indexes for archived image data without any modification of the original files and support incremental updating with newly archived data. A subimage cutting tool is implemented to extract a part of the image according to the range specified by the user and generate a new Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) file for the extracted subimage. With Astro-TS3, users only need to submit requests including the ranges of the time and sky region to retrieve the required data and then download the time-series subimages after the preview. The evaluation of Astro-TS3 is performed using actual archived data from three Antarctic Survey Telescopes (AST3). The experimental data show that the time for the index establishment and incremental update increases approximately linearly relative to the number of data files. For retrieval, the response time of the data retrieval is approximately linearly related to the number and size of the subimages.

从大规模天文观测数据中有效地检索特定天空区域中时间序列数据的子集对于天文学中的某些时域研究（特别是对于长期可变源的研究）非常重要。考虑到望远镜的视野通常大于有效的天空区域，因此在全图像级别的检索方法在数据传输和存储方面效率相对较低。因此，本文提出专用于所观察到的图像数据档案（时间序列的子图像的Astro-TS3，高效检索搜索引擎天文nomical Ť ime-小号eries小号ubimage小号earch引擎）。提出了一种现场弹性索引方案，该方案可以在不对原始文件进行任何修改的情况下为已存档的图像数据建立索引，并支持使用新存档的数据进行增量更新。实现子图像切割工具，以根据用户指定的范围提取部分图像，并为提取的子图像生成新的柔性图像传输系统（FITS）文件。使用Astro-TS3，用户只需提交包括时间和天空区域范围的请求即可检索所需的数据，然后在预览后下载时间序列子图像。使用来自三个南极测量望远镜（AST3）的实际存档数据对Astro-TS3进行评估。实验数据表明，索引建立和增量更新的时间相对于数据文件的数量线性增加。为了进行检索，数据检索的响应时间与子图像的数量和大小近似线性相关。