Introduction

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by the potential to differentiate into multiple cell lineages, high proliferation rates, and self-renewal capacity, in addition to the ability to maintain their undifferentiated state. These cells have been identified in physiological oral tissues such as pulp tissue, dental follicle, apical papilla and periodontal ligament, as well as in pathological situations such as chronic periapical lesions (CPLs). The criteria used for the identification of MSCs include the positive expression of specific surface antigens, with CD73, CD90, CD105, CD44, CD146, STRO-1, CD166, NANOG and OCT4 being the most specific for these cells.

Aim

The aim of this review was to explore the literature on markers able to identify MSCs as well as the presence of these cells in the healthy periodontal ligament and CPLs, highlighting their role in regenerative medicine and implications in the progression of these lesions.

Methods

Narrative literature review searching the PubMed and Medline databases. Articles published in English between 1974 and 2020 were retrieved.

Conclusion

The included studies confirmed the presence of MSCs in the healthy periodontal ligament and in CPLs. Several surface markers are used for the characterization of these cells which, although not specific, are effective in cell recognition. Mesenchymal stem cells participate in tissue repair, exerting anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and proangiogenic effects, and are therefore involved in the progression and attenuation of CPLs or even in the persistence of these lesions.

中文翻译：

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牙周组织和根尖周病变中的间充质干细胞标志物

介绍

间充质干细胞 (MSC) 的特点是具有分化成多个细胞谱系的潜力、高增殖率和自我更新能力，以及保持其未分化状态的能力。这些细胞已在牙髓组织、牙囊、根尖乳头和牙周韧带等口腔生理组织以及慢性根尖周病变 (CPL) 等病理情况下被鉴定出来。用于鉴别 MSC 的标准包括特定表面抗原的阳性表达，其中 CD73、CD90、CD105、CD44、CD146、STRO-1、CD166、NANOG 和 OCT4 对这些细胞的特异性最强。

目的

本综述的目的是探索有关能够识别 MSC 以及这些细胞在健康牙周韧带和 CPL 中存在的标记的文献，强调它们在再生医学中的作用以及对这些病变进展的影响。

方法

搜索 PubMed 和 Medline 数据库的叙事文献综述。检索了 1974 年至 2020 年间以英文发表的文章。

结论

纳入的研究证实了健康牙周韧带和 CPL 中存在 MSC。几种表面标记用于表征这些细胞，虽然不是特异性的，但在细胞识别中是有效的。间充质干细胞参与组织修复，发挥抗炎、免疫抑制和促血管生成作用，因此参与 CPL 的进展和减弱，甚至参与这些病变的持续存在。