Diethyl carbonate (DEC) is a versatile chemical with several commercial uses. The synthesis of DEC from carbon dioxide and ethanol is both environmentally friendly and can be integrated into the ethanol biorefinery. A thermodynamic evaluation was made to predict the amount of DEC produced at equilibrium at the reaction conditions used in this work. Zirconium oxide solids were prepared using sol–gel methodology and were loaded with Na, Mg or PO4−3 using the incipient wetness impregnation method. Catalytic tests were carried out in a 500 mL stainless steel Parr reactor at 423 K. The DEC yield decreased as the Na or Mg load increased, while increasing the yield of acetaldehyde. However, DEC yield and selectivity increased as the PO4−3 load increased, while the acetaldehyde yield decreased. Lower overall acid site density and lower than 2.8 µmol-CO2/m2 basic site density resulted in a higher DEC yield.

中文翻译：

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ZrO2催化剂上乙醇和CO2合成碳酸二乙酯

碳酸二乙酯 (DEC) 是一种多功能化学品，具有多种商业用途。由二氧化碳和乙醇合成 DEC 既环保又可整合到乙醇生物炼制中。进行热力学评估以预测在本工作中使用的反应条件下平衡时产生的 DEC 量。使用溶胶-凝胶方法制备氧化锆固体，并使用初湿浸渍法加载 Na、Mg 或 PO4-3。催化试验在 500 mL 不锈钢帕尔反应器中进行，温度为 423 K。DEC 产率随着 Na 或 Mg 负载量的增加而降低，同时乙醛的产率增加。然而，随着 PO4-3 负载的增加，DEC 产率和选择性增加，而乙醛产率降低。较低的整体酸性位点密度且低于 2。