Abstract

The use of both traditional powdered carbon materials (graphite, soot, charcoal, and shungite) and novel carbon nanomaterials (nanodiamonds, fullerene, nanotubes, and graphene) as a dispersed reinforcing phase in aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) and as reagents for the synthesis of reinforcing particles of titanium carbide (TiC) in AMCs is considered. It is noted that the main direction of AMC development to significantly improve the mechanical properties consists of the transition from micron-sized reinforcing particles to nanoparticles, and that the use of novel carbon nanomaterials could play a decisive role in this case. It is necessary that the technologies for producing such AMCs provide the appropriate parameters of the nanoparticles, their uniform distribution throughout the matrix, and a strong adhesive interfacial bond with the matrix. However, the implementation of these technological requirements is a great problem, since carbon and titanium carbide nanoparticles cannot be wetted by aluminum at a temperature below 1000°C and are prone to the formation of agglomerates from nanoparticles owing to interparticle adhesive forces, the magnitude of which increases to the greatest extent with a decreasing particle size. An overview of the achievements and unresolved issues in the use of powdered carbon forms in different solid-phase and liquid-phase methods for manufacturing AMCs based on various techniques is presented. It is shown that the potentialities of using traditional carbon materials are not still exhausted. Considerable attention is paid to the use of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) for obtaining reinforcing titanium carbide particles with the use of different carbon materials to produce AMCs.

中文翻译：

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使用不同的碳粉形式用碳和碳化钛增强铝复合材料的研究进展

摘要

使用传统的粉末状碳材料（石墨，烟灰，木炭和重晶石）和新型碳纳米材料（纳米金刚石，富勒烯，纳米管和石墨烯）作为铝基复合材料（AMC）中的分散增强相，并用作合成试剂考虑了AMC中碳化钛（TiC）增强颗粒的数量。值得注意的是，AMC发展以显着改善机械性能的主要方向包括从微米级增强颗粒到纳米颗粒的过渡，在这种情况下，新型碳纳米材料的使用可能起决定性作用。制备此类AMC的技术必须提供纳米颗粒的适当参数，它们在整个基质中的均匀分布以及与基质的牢固粘合剂界面键。但是，实现这些技术要求是一个很大的问题，因为碳和碳化钛纳米颗粒在低于1000°C的温度下无法被铝润湿，并且由于颗粒间的粘附力，纳米颗粒的大小而易于从纳米颗粒形成附聚物随着粒径的减小最大程度地增加。概述了在基于各种技术的AMC生产固相和液相方法中使用粉末碳形式的成就和未解决的问题。结果表明，使用传统碳材料的潜力还没有被耗尽。