Most non-destructive methods for plant stress detection do not measure the primary stress response but reactions of processes downstream of primary events. For instance, the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio Fv/Fm, which indicates the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II, can be employed to monitor stress originating elsewhere in the plant cell. This article describes the properties of a sensor to quantify herbicide and pathogen stress in agricultural plants for field applications by the Fv/Fm parameter. This dedicated sensor is highly mobile and measures images of pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) chlorophyll fluorescence. Special physical properties of the sensor are reported, and the range of its field applications is defined. In addition, detection of herbicide resistant weeds by employing an Fv/Fm-based classifier is described. The PAM-imaging sensor introduced here can provide in-field estimation of herbicide sensitivity in crops and weeds after herbicide treatment before any damage becomes visible. Limitations of the system and the use of a classifier to differentiate between stressed and non-stressed plants based on sensor data are presented. It is concluded that stress detection by the Fv/Fm parameter is suitable as an expert tool for decision making in crop management.

中文翻译：

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现场成像叶绿素荧光计测量农业植物胁迫的特点和应用

大多数用于植物胁迫检测的非破坏性方法不测量初级胁迫响应，而是测量初级事件下游过程的反应。例如，叶绿素荧光比 Fv/Fm 表示光系统 II 的最大量子产率，可用于监测源自植物细胞其他地方的压力。本文介绍了传感器的特性，该传感器可通过 Fv/Fm 参数量化田间应用中农业植物中的除草剂和病原体胁迫。这种专用传感器具有高度移动性，可测量脉冲幅度调制 (PAM) 叶绿素荧光图像。报告了传感器的特殊物理特性，并定义了其现场应用范围。此外，还描述了使用基于 Fv/Fm 的分类器检测抗除草剂杂草。此处介绍的 PAM 成像传感器可以在除草剂处理后在任何损害变得可见之前提供作物和杂草中除草剂敏感性的田间估计。介绍了该系统的局限性以及使用分类器根据传感器数据区分受胁迫和非受胁迫植物。得出的结论是，通过 Fv/Fm 参数进行的压力检测适合作为作物管理决策的专家工具。