Horsegram is an important drought resistant pulse crop from Fabaceae and can be easily grown in dry lands with no irrigation facilities. However, it remained neglected since long and has been considered as orphan legume which requires immediate attention for its improvement and for the development of new promising varieties in future. In the present study, 7352 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed from the transcriptome data and 150 SSR were randomly synthesized for validation and diversity analysis in a panel of 58 horsegram genotypes. The synthesized primers included all types of repeats spanning direpeats to hexarepeats. Of the validated SSR markers, 33 markers were polymorphic and produced 40 loci which were used to analyze the genetic diversity and structure of horsegram. In total, 130 alleles were produced in a range of 2–9 alleles with maximum alleles produced by primer HTSSR 155. Expected heterozygosity (He) ranged from 0.03 to 1.00 and observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.13 to 0.81. Polymorphism information content value ranged from 0.065 to 0.78. Dendrogram based on UPGMA and principal component analysis showed four groups of the 58 genotypes of horsegram. Structure analysis showed three genetic stocks for the analyzed germplasm. Thus, the developed SSRs can be useful in future population genetics analysis, molecular breeding studies and mapping works in horsegram germplasm as well as in related legume species.

Horsegram 是豆科重要的抗旱豆类作物，可以在没有灌溉设施的旱地轻松种植。然而，长期以来，它一直被忽视，并被认为是孤儿豆科植物，需要立即关注其改良和未来有希望的新品种的开发。在本研究中，从转录组数据中开发了 7352 个简单序列重复 (SSR) 标记，并随机合成了 150 个 SSR，用于在一组 58 个马克基因型中进行验证和多样性分析。合成的引物包括跨越双重复到六重复的所有类型的重复。在经过验证的SSR标记中，33个标记是多态的，产生了40个基因座，用于分析马匹的遗传多样性和结构。总共，He ) 的范围从 0.03 到 1.00，观察到的杂合度 ( Ho ) 的范围从 0.13 到 0.81。多态信息含量值在 0.065 到 0.78 之间。基于UPGMA和主成分分析的树状图显示了四组58种马类基因型。结构分析显示了所分析种质的三个遗传种群。因此，开发的 SSR 可用于未来的群体遗传学分析、分子育种研究和马匹种质以及相关豆类物种的作图工作。