Directional deep brain stimulation (dDBS) electrodes allow to steer the electrical field in a specific direction. When implanted with torque, they may rotate for a certain time after implantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether and to which degree leads rotate in the first 24 h after implantation using a sheep brain model. dDBS electrodes were implanted in 14 sheep heads and 3D rotational fluoroscopy (3D-RF) scans were acquired to visualize the orientation of the electrode leads. Electrode leads were clockwise rotated just above the burr holes (180° n = 6, 360° n = 6, 2 controls) and 3D-RF scans were again acquired after 3, 6, 13, 17, and 24 h, respectively. One hundred eighty degree rotated electrodes showed an initial rotation of 83.5° (range: 35.4°–128.3°) and a rotation of 114.0° (range: 57°–162°) after 24 h. With 360° torsion, mean initial rotation was 201° (range: 3.3°–321.4°) and mean rotation after 24 h 215.7° (range 31.9°–334.7°), respectively. Direct postoperative imaging may not be accurate for determining the rotation of dDBS electrodes if torque is present.

定向深部脑刺激 (dDBS) 电极可以将电场引导至特定方向。当以扭矩植入时，植入后它们可能会旋转一定时间。本研究的目的是使用绵羊大脑模型评估植入后 24 小时内导线是否旋转以及旋转的程度。将 dDBS 电极植入 14 个羊头中，并获取 3D 旋转荧光镜 (3D-RF) 扫描以可视化电极引线的方向。电极引线在毛刺孔上方顺时针旋转（180° n  = 6、360° n  = 6、2 个对照），并分别在 3、6、13、17 和 24 小时后再次获取 3D-RF 扫描。一百八十度旋转电极显示初始旋转为 83.5°（范围：35.4°–128.3°），24 小时后旋转为 114.0°（范围：57°–162°）。360°扭转时，平均初始旋转为201°（范围：3.3°–321.4°），24小时后平均旋转为215.7°（范围31.9°–334.7°）。如果存在扭矩，直接术后成像可能无法准确确定 dDBS 电极的旋转。