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Biological consequences of an outbreak of growth anomalies on Isopora palifera at the Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Coral Reefs ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-27 , DOI: 10.1007/s00338-020-02019-0
Sophie Preston , Zoe Richards

Growth anomalies (GAs), a tumour-like disease affecting scleractinian corals, have been reported across the major reef systems of the Indo-Pacific and wider Atlantic regions, predominantly affecting Acropora and Porites species. In 2018, GAs were observed for the first time on Isopora palifera , an important observation from the isolated Cocos (Keeling) Islands in the East Indian Ocean, as the species is a key reef building coral at the atoll. In this study, the local distribution and abundance of GAs was quantified to determine if this occurrence could be classified as an outbreak, and the effects of this disease on I. palifera on reproductive potential and growth was described using histological and geochemical analysis. Growth anomalies were documented at 75% of sites and affected approximately one third of the I. palifera colonies examined. This disease compromises the biological and reproductive functioning of the host, as evidenced by a significant reduction in the density of oocytes, mesenteries, polyps, and zooxanthellae in infected tissues in comparison to healthy tissue. Furthermore, geochemical analysis indicates changes to key trace elements may be the result of bioerosion processes by infecting bacteria and the reprecipitation of calcite. The results of this study indicate the division of energy to the rapid skeletal development that characterises the disease, may have occurred at the detriment of the future reproductive potential of the population.

中文翻译:

科科斯(基林)群岛的黄花等孢菌爆发生长异常的生物学后果

生长异常 (GAs) 是一种影响石珊瑚的肿瘤样疾病,已在印度太平洋和更广阔的大西洋地区的主要珊瑚礁系统中报告,主要影响鹿角珊瑚和 Porites 物种。2018 年,首次在 Isopora palifera 上观察到 GAs,这是来自东印度洋孤立的科科斯(基林)群岛的重要观察结果,因为该物种是环礁的主要造礁珊瑚。在这项研究中,对 GA 的局部分布和丰度进行了量化,以确定这种事件是否可以归类为爆发,并使用组织学和地球化学分析描述了这种疾病对 I. palifera 对繁殖潜力和生长的影响。在 75% 的地点记录了生长异常,并影响了所检查的 I. palifera 菌落的大约三分之一。这种疾病会损害宿主的生物和生殖功能,与健康组织相比,受感染组织中卵母细胞、肠系膜、息肉和虫黄藻的密度显着降低就证明了这一点。此外,地球化学分析表明,关键微量元素的变化可能是细菌感染和方解石再沉淀的生物侵蚀过程的结果。这项研究的结果表明,能量分配到以疾病为特征的快速骨骼发育,可能会损害人口未来的生殖潜力。与健康组织相比,受感染组织中的虫黄藻和虫黄藻。此外,地球化学分析表明,关键微量元素的变化可能是细菌感染和方解石再沉淀的生物侵蚀过程的结果。这项研究的结果表明,能量分配到以疾病为特征的快速骨骼发育,可能会损害人口未来的生殖潜力。与健康组织相比,受感染组织中的虫黄藻和虫黄藻。此外,地球化学分析表明,关键微量元素的变化可能是细菌感染和方解石再沉淀的生物侵蚀过程的结果。这项研究的结果表明,能量分配到以疾病为特征的快速骨骼发育,可能会损害人口未来的生殖潜力。
更新日期:2020-10-27
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