There is consensus that the global food system is not delivering good nutrition for all and is causing environmental degradation and loss of biodiversity, such that a profound transformation is needed to meet the challenges of persistent malnutrition and rural poverty, aggravated by the growing consequences of climate change. Agroecological approaches have gained prominence in scientific, agricultural and political discourse in recent years, suggesting pathways to transform agricultural and food systems that address these issues. Here we present an extensive literature review of concepts, definitions and principles of agroecology, and their historical evolution, considering the three manifestations of agroecology as a science, a set of practices and a social movement; and relate them to the recent dialogue establishing a set of ten iconic elements of agroecology that have emerged from a global multi-stakeholder consultation and synthesis process. Based on this, a consolidated list of principles is developed and discussed in the context of presenting transition pathways to more sustainable food systems. The major outcomes of this paper are as follows. (1) Definition of 13 consolidated agroecological principles: recycling; input reduction; soil health; animal health; biodiversity; synergy; economic diversification; co-creation of knowledge; social values and diets; fairness; connectivity; land and natural resource governance; participation. (2) Confirmation that these principles are well aligned and complementary to the 10 elements of agroecology developed by FAO but articulate requirements of soil and animal health more explicitly and distinguish between biodiversity and economic diversification. (3) Clarification that application of these generic principles can generate diverse pathways for incremental and transformational change towards more sustainable farming and food systems. (4) Identification of four key entry points associated with the elements: diversity; circular and solidarity economy; co-creation and sharing of knowledge; and, responsible governance to enable plausible pathways of transformative change towards sustainable agriculture and food systems.

人们普遍认为，全球粮食系统无法为所有人提供良好的营养，并正在造成环境退化和生物多样性丧失，因此，需要进行深刻的变革，以应对持续的营养不良和农村贫困的挑战，这种挑战因气候影响日益严重而加剧更改。近年来，农业生态方法在科学，农业和政治方面的讨论日益突出，这为解决这些问题的农业和粮食系统的转型提供了途径。在这里，我们考虑到农业生态学作为一门科学，一套实践和一项社会运动的三种表现形式，对农业生态学的概念，定义和原理及其历史演变进行了广泛的文献综述。并将其与最近的对话相关，对话建立了由全球多方利益相关者协商和综合过程中产生的十个农业生态标志性要素。基于此，在提出通往更可持续粮食系统的过渡途径的背景下，制定并讨论了综合原则清单。本文的主要成果如下。（1）定义13项综合农业生态原则：回收；投入减少 土壤健康；动物健康 生物多样性 协同作用 经济多元化；共同创造知识；社会价值观和饮食；公平; 连接性；土地和自然资源治理；参与。（2）确认这些原则与粮农组织制定的农业生态的10个要素完全吻合和互补，但更明确地阐明了土壤和动物健康的要求，并区分了生物多样性和经济多样化。（3）澄清说，应用这些通用原则可以为促进更可持续的农业和粮食系统的渐进式和变革式变化创造多种途径。（4）确定与要素有关的四个关键切入点：多样性；循环和团结经济；共同创造和分享知识；以及负责任的治理，以使向可持续农业和粮食系统转变的合理途径成为可能。（3）澄清说，应用这些通用原则可以为促进更可持续的农业和粮食系统的渐进式和变革式变化创造多种途径。（4）确定与要素有关的四个关键切入点：多样性；循环和团结经济；共同创造和分享知识；以及负责任的治理，以使向可持续农业和粮食系统转变的合理途径成为可能。（3）澄清说，应用这些通用原则可以为促进更可持续的农业和粮食系统的渐进式和变革式变化创造多种途径。（4）确定与要素有关的四个关键切入点：多样性；循环和团结经济；共同创造和分享知识；以及负责任的治理，以为实现可持续农业和粮食系统的变革提供可行的途径。