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On the role of the troposphere in satellite altimetry
Remote Sensing of Environment ( IF 13.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2020.112149
M. Joana Fernandes , Clara Lázaro , Telmo Vieira

Abstract Satellite radar altimetry is nowadays a powerful and attractive Earth Observation technique of major importance in several applications such as the study of mean sea level change (a crucial climate change indicator), the observation of continental ice sheets' melting or the management of highly sensitive coastal zones and continental water resources. This paper aims at presenting an overview of the effects of the troposphere in satellite radar altimetry range observations, i.e. the tropospheric path delays (PD), and the corresponding corrections required to account for these effects, including those due to neutral gases, the DTC (dry tropospheric correction) and those related with water vapour and cloud liquid water content, the WTC (wet tropospheric correction). Starting with a summary of satellite altimeter missions since 1991 and corresponding relevant characteristics for DTC and WTC estimation, the tropospheric PD are discussed in the more general context of the atmospheric corrections. Then, for each of the tropospheric PD, the following topics are inspected and discussed: relevant background theory required to estimate each of the PD; methods used in the PD retrievals either from observations or from atmospheric models; specific problems encountered in the retrieval of each PD in coastal and inland water regions; errors still present in some altimeter products and proposed approaches to mitigate them. Most relevant conclusions are highlighted, including the future challenges and trends in DTC and WTC estimation.

中文翻译:

关于对流层在卫星测高中的作用

摘要 卫星雷达测高现在是一种强大而有吸引力的地球观测技术,在研究平均海平面变化(一个关键的气候变化指标)、观测大陆冰盖融化或高度敏感的管理沿海地区和大陆水资源。本文旨在概述对流层在卫星雷达测高范围观测中的影响,即对流层路径延迟 (PD),以及考虑这些影响所需的相应修正,包括由于中性气体、DTC (干对流层改正)和与水汽和云中液态水含量有关的那些,WTC(湿对流层改正)。从 1991 年以来卫星高度计任务的总结以及 DTC 和 WTC 估计的相应相关特征开始,在更一般的大气校正背景下讨论对流层 PD。然后,对于每个对流层 PD,检查和讨论以下主题:估计每个 PD 所需的相关背景理论;用于从观测或大气模型进行局部放电反演的方法;沿海和内陆水域各PD检索中遇到的具体问题;一些高度计产品中仍然存在错误,并提出了减轻这些错误的方法。突出显示了大多数相关结论,包括 DTC 和 WTC 估算的未来挑战和趋势。对流层 PD 是在更一般的大气校正背景下讨论的。然后,对于每个对流层 PD,检查和讨论以下主题:估计每个 PD 所需的相关背景理论;用于从观测或大气模型进行局部放电反演的方法;沿海和内陆水域各PD检索中遇到的具体问题;一些高度计产品中仍然存在错误,并提出了减轻这些错误的方法。突出显示了大多数相关结论,包括 DTC 和 WTC 估算的未来挑战和趋势。对流层 PD 是在更一般的大气校正背景下讨论的。然后,对于每个对流层 PD,检查和讨论以下主题:估计每个 PD 所需的相关背景理论;用于从观测或大气模型进行局部放电反演的方法;沿海和内陆水域各PD检索中遇到的具体问题;一些高度计产品中仍然存在错误,并提出了减轻这些错误的方法。突出显示了大多数相关结论,包括 DTC 和 WTC 估算的未来挑战和趋势。用于从观测或大气模型进行局部放电反演的方法;沿海和内陆水域各PD检索中遇到的具体问题;一些高度计产品中仍然存在错误,并提出了减轻这些错误的方法。突出显示了大多数相关结论,包括 DTC 和 WTC 估算的未来挑战和趋势。用于从观测或大气模型进行局部放电反演的方法;沿海和内陆水域各PD检索中遇到的具体问题;一些高度计产品中仍然存在错误,并提出了减轻这些错误的方法。突出显示了大多数相关结论,包括 DTC 和 WTC 估算的未来挑战和趋势。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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