Little is known about the neurophysiological processes underlying visual processing during active behavior and how these change over the life span. This study investigated early (P1) and later (P3) event-related potentials of the electroencephalogram associated with visual perception in older and younger adults while sitting, standing, and walking. While sitting and standing, accurate performance in both groups was not associated with event-related potential characteristics. During walking, in contrast, prolonged latencies and reduced amplitudes of the P1 were related to slower responses and increased misses, respectively. No covariations of behavior and P3 characteristics were observed. However, prolonged P3 latencies with increasing motor task complexity were present for both age groups, and reduced amplitudes while walking were replicated in younger participants. Older participants were more affected by walking in general as reflected in slower walking speeds as well as reduced accuracy and relative P1 amplitudes. These results provide further insights into cognitive-motor interference during natural walking in younger and older adults on early attentional-perceptual processing stages, even for simple additional visual tasks.

中文翻译：

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老年人和年轻人自然地上双任务行走期间的周边视觉感知

人们对主动行为期间视觉处理的神经生理过程以及这些过程如何在整个生命周期中发生变化知之甚少。本研究调查了老年人和年轻人在坐、站和行走时与视觉感知相关的脑电图的早期 (P1) 和后期 (P3) 事件相关电位。在坐着和站着时，两组的准确表现与事件相关的潜在特征无关。相反，在步行过程中，P1 的延迟时间延长和振幅降低分别与反应变慢和失误增加有关。没有观察到行为和 P3 特征的协变。然而，两个年龄组都存在延长的 P3 潜伏期和增加的运动任务复杂性，并且在年轻参与者中复制了步行时的振幅降低。一般来说，年龄较大的参与者更容易受到步行的影响，这反映在步行速度较慢以及准确性和相对 P1 幅度降低。这些结果提供了对早期注意感知处理阶段的年轻人和老年人自然行走过程中认知运动干扰的进一步见解，即使是简单的额外视觉任务。