Patients with heart failure (HF) and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) constitute a complex population with different phenotypes based on pathophysiology, comorbidity, sex and age. We aimed to compare the multimorbidity patterns of HF and COPD in men and women using network analysis. Individuals aged 40 years or older on 2015 of the EpiChron Cohort (Aragon, Spain) were stratified by sex and as having COPD (n = 28,608), HF (n = 13,414), or COPD and HF (n = 3952). We constructed one network per group by obtaining age-adjusted phi correlations between comorbidities. For each sex, networks differed between the three study groups; between sexes, similarities were found for the two HF groups. We detected some specific diseases highly connected in all networks (e.g., cardio-metabolic, respiratory diseases, and chronic kidney failure), and some others that were group-specific that would require further study. We identified common clusters (i.e., cardio-metabolic, cardiovascular, cancer, and neuro-psychiatric) and others specific and clinically relevant in COPD patients (e.g., behavioral risk disorders were systematically associated with psychiatric diseases in women and cancer in men). Network analysis represents a powerful tool to analyze, visualize, and compare the multimorbidity patterns of COPD and HF, also facilitated by developing an ad hoc website.

心力衰竭 (HF) 和/或慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 患者构成一个复杂的人群，根据病理生理学、合并症、性别和年龄具有不同的表型。我们旨在使用网络分析比较男性和女性 HF 和 COPD 的多发病模式。2015 年 EpiChron 队列（西班牙阿拉贡）中 40 岁或以上的个体按性别分层，并分为 COPD（n = 28,608）、HF（n = 13,414）或 COPD 和 HF（n = 3952）。我们通过获得合并症之间的年龄调整 phi 相关性，为每组构建一个网络。对于每个性别，三个研究组之间的网络不同；在两性之间，发现了两个 HF 组的相似性。我们检测到一些在所有网络中高度关联的特定疾病（例如，心脏代谢、呼吸系统疾病和慢性肾功能衰竭），以及其他一些需要进一步研究的特定群体。我们在 COPD 患者中确定了常见的集群（即心脏代谢、心血管、癌症和神经精神疾病）和其他特定的和临床相关的（例如，行为风险障碍与女性的精神疾病和男性的癌症系统相关）。网络分析是一种强大的工具，可用于分析、可视化和比较 COPD 和 HF 的多发病模式，也可以通过开发临时网站来促进。行为风险障碍与女性的精神疾病和男性的癌症系统相关）。网络分析是一种强大的工具，可用于分析、可视化和比较 COPD 和 HF 的多发病模式，也可以通过开发临时网站来促进。行为风险障碍与女性的精神疾病和男性的癌症系统相关）。网络分析是一种强大的工具，可用于分析、可视化和比较 COPD 和 HF 的多发病模式，也可以通过开发临时网站来促进。