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Dynamics of anchovy and sardine populations in the Canary Current off NW Africa: Responses to environmental and climate forcing in a climate‐to‐fish ecosystem model
Fisheries Oceanography ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 , DOI: 10.1111/fog.12516
José C. Sánchez‐Garrido 1 , Jerome Fiechter 2 , Kenneth A. Rose 3 , Francisco E. Werner 4 , Enrique N. Curchitser 5
Affiliation  

A 50‐year‐long (1958–2008) historical simulation of a climate‐to‐fish ecosystem model for anchovy (Eugralis encrasicolus) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus) populations in the upwelling ecosystem off NW Africa is revisited and analyzed. Anchovy and sardine annual adult abundances were correlated at interannual and decadal time scales in the historical run. A three‐step analysis method applied unraveled the environmental and life stage‐specific drivers underlying the bottom‐up mechanisms responsible for the simulated variability in anchovy and sardine populations. Changes in anchovy adult abundance were primarily controlled by larval survival, prey availability, and local upwelling strength, whereas sardine adult abundance was controlled by age‐1 growth affecting age‐2 fecundity and egg production via prey availability. Despite different diet preferences, the common sensitivity of anchovy and sardine to prey availability had a synchronizing effect on the two populations, with both anchovy and sardine doing better during years of higher plankton biomass and colder ocean temperatures. Analysis of potential links with modes of climate variability showed that anchovy dynamics were more tightly connected to the AMO while sardine dynamics were correlated to the NAO. This difference stemmed from the vulnerability of the anchovy population to enhanced coastal upwelling causing increased larval drift mortality. Finally, based on an earlier, similar modeling study for the Californian anchovy and Pacific sardine, we argue that the relatively warmer habitat off NW Africa compared to the coastal region off central California is a key feature explaining synchronous populations in the Canary Current versus out‐of‐phase anchovy and sardine cycles in the California Current.

中文翻译:

非洲西北部金丝雀流中an鱼和沙丁鱼种群的动态:气候-鱼类生态系统模型中对环境和气候强迫的响应

对an鱼(Euglasis encrasicolus)和沙丁鱼(Sardina pilchardus)的气候-鱼类生态系统模型进行了长达50年(1958-2008年)的历史模拟)重新分析了非洲西北部上升流生态系统中的种群。在历史运行中,鱼和沙丁鱼的成年年度丰度与年际和年代际时间尺度相关。采用了三步分析方法,揭示了自下而上机制所依据的环境和生命阶段特定动因,这些动因负责了an鱼和沙丁鱼种群的模拟变异。an鱼成虫的丰度变化主要由幼虫存活率,猎物可利用性和局部上升强度控制,而沙丁鱼成虫的丰度则由影响2岁成年和通过猎物可利用的卵生的1岁年龄增长控制。尽管饮食习惯有所不同,但an鱼和沙丁鱼对猎物可食性的共同敏感性对这两个种群产生了同步影响,在浮游生物量较高和海洋温度较低的情况下,an鱼和沙丁鱼的生长效果更好。与气候变异模式的潜在联系的分析表明,an鱼动力学与AMO之间的联系更为紧密,而沙丁鱼动力学与NAO相关。这种差异源于the鱼种群对沿海上升流的脆弱性,导致幼虫漂移死亡率增加。最后,基于对加利福尼亚an鱼和太平洋沙丁鱼的早期类似模型研究,我们认为与西北中部加利福尼亚沿海地区相比,非洲西北部沿海地区相对温暖的栖息地是解释金丝雀流与外来种群同步种群的关键特征。加利福尼亚洋流中的同相an鱼和沙丁鱼周期。
更新日期:2020-10-28
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