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Dynamic changes in soil erosion risk and its driving mechanism: A case study in the Loess Plateau of China
European Journal of Soil Science ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 , DOI: 10.1111/ejss.13067
Lu Xia 1 , Rutian Bi 1 , Xiaoyu Song 2 , Chunjuan Lv 1
Affiliation  

The Loess Plateau has long been considered as a very fragile area that suffers from serious water erosion. With the onset of global climate fluctuations and regional implementation of soil and water conservation measures, it is of great significance to effectively reveal the variations in soil erosion risk and its driving mechanism on the Loess Plateau. Taking the Yanwachuan watershed as a case study and using rainfall, soil, digital elevation model (DEM) and land‐use data, this study applied the Revised Universal Soil loss Equation (RUSLE) model with geographic information system (GIS) technology to analyse the temporal and spatial variations of soil erosion risk and to evaluate the effects of land‐use change and climate change on soil erosion from 1981 to 2016. Future soil erosion risk was also assessed under different land‐use and climate‐change scenarios. Results showed that annual soil loss in the Yanwachuan watershed presented a significant decreasing trend with a rate of 47.928 t km−2 a−1 and that average annual soil loss was 3,543.7 t km−2 from 1981 to 2016. However, some areas, even with good vegetation cover, still had a rather high soil erosion risk (exceeding the severe erosion rate of 5,000 t km−2 in 2000–2016) if located in hilly and gully slope regions. Land‐use change and climate variation contributed 37.2% and 62.8%, respectively, to reducing soil erosion, showing that climate variation played a leading role in current soil‐erosion reduction. In addition, the average soil losses in the 2020s, 2030s and 2040s under different scenarios are predicted to increase by 8.6–42.6% compared with the average soil loss (2,993.8 t km−2) in 2001–2016. Future climate change may be the main driving factor in enhancing the risk of soil erosion. Hence, there is an urgent need to strengthen soil and water conservation research and management in future years.

中文翻译:

土壤侵蚀风险动态变化及其驱动机制-以黄土高原为例

黄土高原长期以来一直被认为是一个非常脆弱的地区,遭受着严重的水蚀。随着全球气候变化的爆发和区域水土保持措施的实施,有效揭示黄土高原地区水土流失风险的变化及其驱动机制具有重要意义。以盐洼川流域为例,利用降雨,土壤,数字高程模型(DEM)和土地利用数据,本研究将修正的通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)模型与地理信息系统(GIS)技术结合使用来分析1981年至2016年土壤侵蚀风险的时空变化,并评估土地利用变化和气候变化对土壤侵蚀的影响。在不同的土地利用和气候变化情景下,还评估了未来的水土流失风险。结果表明,盐洼川流域的年土壤流失呈明显下降趋势,速率为47.928 t·km。-2 a -1,并且从1981年到2016年,年平均土壤流失量为3,543.7 t km -2。但是,即使植被覆盖良好,某些地区的土壤侵蚀风险仍然很高(超过了5,000 t的严重侵蚀速率)如果位于丘陵和沟壑区,则在2000–2016年为km -2)。土地利用变化和气候变化对减少土壤侵蚀的贡献分别为37.2%和62.8%,表明气候变化在当前减少土壤侵蚀中起着主导作用。此外,与不同的平均土壤流失量(2,993.8 t km -2)相比,预计2020s,2030s和2040s在不同情景下的平均土壤流失量将增加8.6–42.6%。)在2001–2016年。未来的气候变化可能是增加土壤侵蚀风险的主要驱动因素。因此,迫切需要在未来几年中加强水土保持研究和管理。
更新日期:2020-10-28
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