Abstract There is increasing evidence of the linkage between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gut microbiota. Based on our previous studies, we investigated the hypoglycemic mechanisms of yam gruel to provide a scientific basis for its popularization and application. Wistar rats were randomly divided into control and T2DM model groups. Rats in the model group were stimulated by a high-sugar/high-fat diet combined with an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to induce T2DM. The T2DM rats were further subdivided randomly into three groups: (1) DM, (2) DM + yam gruel, and (3) DM + metformin. After 4 weeks of intervention, the changes in gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid), the expression of G protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and fasted blood glucose (FBG) levels were observed. Yam gruel intervention elevated the abundance of probiotic bacteria and increased the expression of SCFAs, GPR43 receptor, GLP-1, and PYY. It also reduced FBG levels. We conclude that yam gruel can lower FBG by promoting the growth of probiotic bacteria, increasing the content of SCFAs, and enhancing the expression of GPR43 receptor to increase the content of GLP-1 and PYY in serum.

中文翻译：

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山药粥对降低T2DM大鼠空腹血糖的影响

摘要 越来越多的证据表明 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 与肠道微生物群之间存在联系。我们在前人研究的基础上，研究了山药粥的降血糖机制，为其推广应用提供科学依据。Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组和T2DM模型组。模型组大鼠采用高糖/高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素腹腔注射诱导T2DM。T2DM大鼠进一步随机分为三组：（1）DM，（2）DM+山药粥，和（3）DM+二甲双胍。干预 4 周后，肠道菌群、短链脂肪酸 (SCFA)（乙酸、丙酸和丁酸）的变化、G 蛋白偶联受体 43（GPR43）、胰高血糖素样肽的表达—— 1 (GLP-1)，肽 YY (PYY)，并观察空腹血糖（FBG）水平。山药粥干预提高了益生菌的丰度，并增加了 SCFA、GPR43 受体、GLP-1 和 PYY 的表达。它还降低了 FBG 水平。我们得出结论，山药粥可以通过促进益生菌的生长、增加SCFAs的含量、增强GPR43受体的表达来增加血清中GLP-1和PYY的含量来降低FBG。