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Variability of Cosmogenic 35S in Rain—Resulting Implications for the Use of Radiosulfur as Natural Groundwater Residence Time Tracer
Water ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 , DOI: 10.3390/w12102953
Michael Schubert , Kay Knöller , Ina Tegen , Lucrezia Terzi

Information about groundwater residence times is essential for sustainable groundwater management. Naturally occurring radionuclides are suitable tools for related investigations. While the applicability of several long-lived radionuclides has been demonstrated for the investigation of long residence times (i.e., years, decades, centuries and more), studies that focus on sub-yearly residence times are only scarcely discussed in the literature. This shortage is mainly due to the rather small number of radionuclides that are generally suitable for the purpose and show at the same time adequately short half-lives. A promising innovative approach in this regard applies cosmogenic radiosulfur (35S). 35S is continuously produced in the stratosphere from where it is conveyed to the troposphere or lower atmosphere and finally transferred with the rain to the groundwater. As soon as the meteoric water enters the subsurface, its 35S activity decreases with an 87.4 day half-life, making 35S a suitable time tracer for investigating sub-yearly groundwater ages. However, since precipitation shows a varying 35S activity during the year, setting up a reliable 35S input function is required for sound data evaluation. That calls for (i) an investigation of the long-term variation of the 35S activity in the rain, (ii) the identification of the associated drivers and (iii) an approach for setting up a 35S input function based on easily attainable proxies. The paper discusses 35S activities in the rain recorded over a 12-month period, identifies natural and anthropogenic influences, and suggests an approach for setting up a 35S input function applying 7Be as a proxy.

中文翻译:

雨中宇宙成因 35S 的变化——对使用放射性硫作为天然地下水停留时间示踪剂的影响

有关地下水滞留时间的信息对于可持续地下水管理至关重要。天然存在的放射性核素是相关调查的合适工具。虽然几种长寿命放射性核素的适用性已被证明可用于研究长停留时间(即几年、几十年、几个世纪等),但文献中很少讨论关注次年停留时间的研究。这种短缺主要是由于一般适用于该目的并同时显示足够短的半衰期的放射性核素数量相当少。在这方面,一种很有前途的创新方法是应用宇宙放射性硫 (35S)。35S在平流层中不断产生,从那里被输送到对流层或低层大气,最后随着雨水转移到地下水中。大气水一进入地下,其 35S 活性就会降低,半衰期为 87.4 天,这使得 35S 成为调查地下水年龄次年的合适时间示踪剂。然而,由于降水在一年中表现出不同的 35S 活动,因此需要建立可靠的 35S 输入函数来进行声音数据评估。这要求 (i) 调查雨中 35S 活动的长期变化,(ii) 确定相关驱动因素,以及 (iii) 基于易于获得的代理建立 35S 输入函数的方法。该论文讨论了 12 个月内记录的雨中 35S 活动,
更新日期:2020-10-21
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