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Accretion–Erosion Dynamics of the Yellow River Delta and the Relationships with Runoff and Sediment from 1976 to 2018
Water ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-25 , DOI: 10.3390/w12112992
He Li , Chong Huang , Qingsheng Liu , Gaohuan Liu

Timely understanding of the coastal accretion–erosion dynamics of the Yellow River Delta (YRD) can not only deepen the understanding of the evolution of the delta but also provide scientific support for water-sediment regulation (WSR) in the lower reaches of Yellow River and the implementation of a protection strategy for the Yellow River Estuary. In this long-term study, Landsat images from 1976 to 2018 were acquired, and the cloud processing platform of the Google Earth Engine was used for extraction of coastlines. On the basis of these coastlines, the area and accretion–erosion dynamics were analyzed. Then, after statistical analysis of the interannual and intra-annual variations in runoff and sediment, we discuss the relationship between the accretion–erosion dynamics and the annual runoff and sediment. The results show that (1) the coastline of the YRD lengthened first and then shortened, and the average annual growth rate was 1.48 km/a. (2) The land area of the YRD showed a significant accretionary trend before 1996, with an average annual growth rate of 28.60 km2/a. Then, the area gradually decreased from 1997 to 2001. After WSR was implemented in 2002, the accretion–erosion dynamics gradually became smooth, with an annual growth rate of 0.31 km2/a. (3) After WSR, the maximum annual sedimentation decreased by 79.70%. The average annual sediment discharge accounted for only 6.69% from November to March of the following year during the non-flood season. (4) With the continuous decrease in sediment discharge, the determination coefficient (R2) between the cumulative accretion–erosion area of the estuary and the annual sedimentation decreased from 0.98 in 1976–1996 to 0.77 after 2002. Overall, although WSR has maintained a steady increase in delta land area, it cannot change the long-term decrease in the land area of the delta. The insights gained from our study can provide some references for related coastline research, and will be useful to science community and decision makers for coastal environmental monitoring, management, protection, and sustainable development of the YRD.

中文翻译:

1976-2018年黄河三角洲淤积侵蚀动力学及其与径流泥沙的关系

及时了解黄河三角洲海岸淤积侵蚀动态,不仅可以加深对三角洲演化的认识,而且可以为黄河下游和黄河下游水沙调控提供科学支持。实施黄河口保护战略。在这项长期研究中,获取了 1976 年至 2018 年的 Landsat 影像,并利用 Google Earth Engine 的云处理平台进行了海岸线的提取。在这些海岸线的基础上,分析了面积和吸积侵蚀动力学。然后,在对径流和泥沙的年际和年内变化进行统计分析后,我们讨论了吸积侵蚀动力学与年径流和泥沙之间的关系。结果表明:(1)长三角海岸线呈先拉长后缩趋势,年均增长率为1.48 km/a。(2) 1996 年以前长三角土地面积呈明显增加趋势,年均增长28.60 平方公里/年。此后,1997-2001 年面积逐渐减少。2002 年实施 WSR 后,吸积侵蚀动态逐渐趋于平稳,年均增长 0.31 km2/a。(3) WSR后,最大年泥沙量减少了79.70%。非汛期11月至次年3月平均年排沙量仅占6.69%。(4)随着排沙量的不断减少,河口累积侵蚀侵蚀面积与年沉积量之间的决定系数(R2)从1976-1996年的0.98下降到2002年后的0.77。三角洲土地面积长期减少。研究结果可为相关海岸线研究提供一定参考,对科学界和决策者进行长三角海岸环境监测、管理、保护和可持续发展有一定的借鉴意义。
更新日期:2020-10-25
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