Minimal intervention is generally achieved by using direct composite resin (CR) restorations. However, deep caries lesions may lead to pulpal complications. This study evaluated the risk of endodontic complications after CR restoration in relation to depth of caries lesions. Data on 507 teeth from 316 adults treated with CR were analyzed. Caries depth was expressed as a percentage of the distance between the outer edge of the dental enamel and the pulp base on preoperative radiographs. The interval between CR restoration and follow-up root canal treatment was obtained from electronic treatment records for a period of 24 months. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate the association between risk of endodontic complications and caries depth. Sixteen teeth (3.2%) required root canal treatment within 24 months. No root canal treatment was required after CR treatment for caries affecting <50% of the outer edge of enamel and pulp. As compared with CR treatment of caries lesions with a size of <80%, there was a significantly higher risk of root canal treatment for caries lesions with a size of 80% to 89% (hazard ratio, [95% CI]: 34.68 [4.23-284.11]) and ≥90% (92.01 [10.36-817.41], respectively).

通常，通过使用直接复合树脂（CR）修复体可实现最少的干预。但是，深龋病灶可能导致牙髓并发症。这项研究评估了CR恢复后与龋损深度相关的牙髓并发症的风险。分析了来自316名接受CR治疗的成年人的507颗牙齿的数据。龋齿深度以术前X线片上牙釉质外边缘与牙髓基部之间距离的百分比表示。从电子治疗记录中获得CR恢复与后续根管治疗之间的间隔24个月。使用Cox比例风险模型研究牙髓并发症风险与龋齿深度之间的关联。16颗牙齿（3.2％）在24个月内需要根管治疗。CR治疗后，龋齿影响牙釉质和牙髓外缘的<50％时，无需根管治疗。与CR治疗小于80％的龋损相比，根管治疗80％至89％的龋损的风险显着更高（危险比，[95％CI]：34.68 [ 4.23-284.11]）和≥90％（分别为92.01 [10.36-817.41]）。