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A new neutrophil subset promotes CNS neuron survival and axon regeneration
Nature Immunology ( IF 30.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-26 , DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-00813-0
Andrew R Sas 1, 2, 3 , Kevin S Carbajal 3 , Andrew D Jerome 1, 2 , Rajasree Menon 4 , Choya Yoon 5 , Ashley L Kalinski 5 , Roman J Giger 5, 6 , Benjamin M Segal 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Transected axons typically fail to regenerate in the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in chronic neurological disability in individuals with traumatic brain or spinal cord injury, glaucoma and ischemia–reperfusion injury of the eye. Although neuroinflammation is often depicted as detrimental, there is growing evidence that alternatively activated, reparative leukocyte subsets and their products can be deployed to improve neurological outcomes. In the current study, we identify a unique granulocyte subset, with characteristics of an immature neutrophil, that had neuroprotective properties and drove CNS axon regeneration in vivo, in part via secretion of a cocktail of growth factors. This pro-regenerative neutrophil promoted repair in the optic nerve and spinal cord, demonstrating its relevance across CNS compartments and neuronal populations. Our findings could ultimately lead to the development of new immunotherapies that reverse CNS damage and restore lost neurological function across a spectrum of diseases.



中文翻译:

一个新的中性粒细胞亚群促进中枢神经系统神经元存活和轴突再生

横切的轴突通常无法在中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中再生,导致患有创伤性脑或脊髓损伤、青光眼和眼睛缺血再灌注损伤的个体出现慢性神经功能障碍。尽管神经炎症经常被描述为有害的,但越来越多的证据表明,替代激活的修复性白细胞亚群及其产品可用于改善神经系统结果。在目前的研究中,我们确定了一个独特的粒细胞亚群,具有未成熟中性粒细胞的特征,具有神经保护特性并在体内驱动 CNS 轴突再生,部分通过生长因子混合物的分泌。这种促再生的中性粒细胞促进了视神经和脊髓的修复,证明了它在中枢神经系统隔室和神经元群体中的相关性。

更新日期:2020-10-28
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