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Noninvasive prenatal paternity determination using microhaplotypes: a pilot study
BMC Medical Genomics ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-23 , DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00806-w
Jaqueline Yu Ting Wang , Martin R. Whittle , Renato David Puga , Anatoly Yambartsev , André Fujita , Helder I. Nakaya

The use of noninvasive techniques to determine paternity prenatally is increasing because it reduces the risks associated with invasive procedures. Current methods, based on SNPs, use the analysis of at least 148 markers, on average. To reduce the number of regions, we used microhaplotypes, which are chromosomal segments smaller than 200 bp containing two or more SNPs. Our method employs massively parallel sequencing and analysis of microhaplotypes as genetic markers. We tested 20 microhaplotypes and ascertained that 19 obey Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and are independent, and data from the 1000 Genomes Project were used for population frequency and simulations. We performed simulations of true and false paternity, using the 1000 Genomes Project data, to confirm if the microhaplotypes could be used as genetic markers. We observed that at least 13 microhaplotypes should be used to decrease the chances of false positives. Then, we applied the method in 31 trios, and it was able to correctly assign the fatherhood in cases where the alleged father was the real father, excluding the inconclusive results. We also cross evaluated the mother-plasma duos with the alleged fathers for false inclusions within our data, and we observed that the use of at least 15 microhaplotypes in real data also decreases the false inclusions. In this work, we demonstrated that microhaplotypes can be used to determine prenatal paternity by using only 15 regions and with admixtures of DNA.

中文翻译:

使用微单倍型的无创产前亲子鉴定:一项初步研究

由于减少了与侵入性手术相关的风险,因此越来越多地使用非侵入性技术来确定产前的亲子关系。当前基于SNP的方法平均使用至少148个标记的分析。为了减少区域的数量,我们使用了微单倍型,它是小于200 bp的包含两个或多个SNP的染色体片段。我们的方法采用大规模平行测序和微单倍型分析作为遗传标记。我们测试了20种微单倍型,并确定了19种符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡且是独立的,并且将1000个基因组计划的数据用于人口频率和模拟。我们使用1000个基因组计划数据对真假父亲假进行了模拟,以确认微单倍型是否可以用作遗传标记。我们观察到至少应使用13个微单倍型以减少假阳性的机会。然后,我们在31个三重奏中应用了该方法,并且在被指控的父亲是真正的父亲的情况下,它能够正确地分配父亲身份,但没有得出结论性的结果。我们还与所谓的父亲和母亲进行了交叉评估,评估了我们数据中的错误夹杂物,并且我们观察到在实际数据中使用至少15个微单倍型也可以减少错误夹杂物。在这项工作中,我们证明了微单体型可以仅通过使用15个区域和DNA的混合物来确定产前亲子鉴定。如果被指控的父亲是真正的父亲,则它能够正确地分配父亲身份,但不包括不确定的结果。我们还与所谓的父亲和母亲进行了交叉评估,评估了我们数据中的错误夹杂物,并且我们观察到在实际数据中使用至少15个微单倍型也可以减少错误夹杂物。在这项工作中,我们证明了微单体型可以仅通过使用15个区域和DNA的混合物来确定产前亲子鉴定。如果被指控的父亲是真正的父亲,则它能够正确地分配父亲身份,但不包括不确定的结果。我们还与所谓的父亲和母亲进行了交叉评估,评估了我们数据中的错误夹杂物,并且我们观察到在实际数据中使用至少15个微单倍型也可以减少错误夹杂物。在这项工作中,我们证明了微单体型可以仅通过使用15个区域和DNA的混合物来确定产前亲子鉴定。
更新日期:2020-10-26
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