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Deciphering the mechanism underlying circRNA-mediated immune responses of western honeybees to Nosema ceranae infection
bioRxiv - Genomics Pub Date : 2020-10-25 , DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.25.353938
Huazhi Chen , Yu Du , Zhiwei Zhu , Jie Wang , Dingding Zhou , Yuanchan Fan , Haibin Jiang , Xiaoxue Fan , Cuiling Xiong , Yanzhen Zheng , Dafu Chen , Rui Guo

Nosema ceranae is a widespread fungal parasite for adult honeybees, severely damaging bee health and sustainable development of apiculture. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of newly discovered noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that regulate a number of biological processes such as immune defense and development. In this current work, based on previously obtained whole transcriptome data, 8 199 and 8 711 circRNAs were predicted from the midguts of Apis mellifera ligustica workers at 7 days (AmT1) and 10 days (AmT2) post inoculation (dpi) with N. ceranae using bioinformatics. Additionally, in combination with transcriptome data from uninfected midguts (AmCK1 and AmCK2) (Xiong et al., 2018), 4 464 circRNAs were found to be shared by the aforementioned four groups, whereas the numbers of specifically transcribed circRNAs in each group were 1 389, 1 696, 1 019 and 1 871, respectively. Furthermore, 10 226 circRNAs were homologous to Apis cerana cerana circRNAs, while 20 circRNAs had homology with Homo sapiens circRNAs; in addition, 16 circRNAs were highly conserved in these three species. Differential expression analysis showed that 168 (306) differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) were identified in AmCK1 vs AmT1 (AmCK2 vs AmT2) comparison group, including 61 (143) upregulated circRNAs and 107 (163) downregulated circRNAs. Moreover, RT-qPCR results showed that the expression trend of eight DEcircRNAs was consistent with that of the transcriptome dataset. Based on GO database annotation, we observed that source genes of DEcircRNAs in AmCK1 vs AmT1 (AmCK2 vs AmT2) were engaged in 27 (35) functional terms, including two (two) cell renewal-associated terms, seven (seven) cell structure-associated terms, and one (one) immunity-associated terms. Additionally, DEcircRNA source genes in AmCK1 vs AmT1 were involved in two cell renewal-related pathways, Hippo and Wnt signaling pathways, and three carbohydrate metabolism-related pathways, galactose metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, only one energy metabolism-related pathway (oxidative phosphorylation pathway), three cellular immune-related pathways, endocytosis, phagosome, and lysosome, and a humoral immune-related pathway (FoxO signaling pathway). In AmCK2 vs AmT2 comparison group, more source genes of DEcircRNAs were associated with the abovementioned pathways relative to cell renewal, carbohydrate metabolism, and cellular and humoral immune pathways. In addition, 122 (234) DEcircRNAs in the host midgut at 7 dpi (10 dpi) with N. ceranae targeted 82 (106) miRNAs. Furthermore, 75 (103) miRNAs targeted by 86 (178) DEcircRNAs in AmCK1 vs AmT1 (AmCK2 vs AmT2) further bound to 215 (305) mRNAs. These targets could be annotated as an array of functional terms and pathways related to cellular renewal, cellular structure, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, and cellular and humoral immunity. In a word, we for the first time explored immune responses mediated by DEcircRNAs in the midguts of A. m. ligustica workers to N. ceranae infection. Our data provide a foundation for clarifying the molecular mechanism underlying immune response of western honeybee to N. ceranae invasion, but also a new insight into further understanding the host-pathogen interaction during bee microsporidiosis.

中文翻译:

阐释西方蜜蜂circRNA介导的针对鼻部Nosema ceranae感染的免疫反应的潜在机制

鼻鼻菜是成年蜜蜂的一种广泛的真菌寄生虫,严重损害蜜蜂的健康和养蜂业的可持续发展。环状RNA(circRNA)是一类新发现的非编码RNA(ncRNA),可调节许多生物学过程,例如免疫防御和发育。在当前的这项工作中,根据先前获得的完整转录组数据,在接种中华绒螯蟹的第7天(AmT1)和第10天(AmT2),从蜜蜂蜜蜂的中肠预测到8 199和8 711 circRNA。使用生物信息学。此外,结合未感染中肠(AmCK1和AmCK2)的转录组数据(Xiong等人,2018),发现上述4组共有4464个circRNA,而每组中特异性转录的circRNA的数量为1 389、1 696,1 019和1 871。此外,有10 226个circRNA与中华蜜蜂circRNA同源,而20个circRNA与智人circRNA同源。此外,这三个物种中有16个circRNA高度保守。差异表达分析表明,在AmCK1与AmT1(AmCK2与AmT2)比较组中鉴定出168(306)个差异表达的circRNA(DEcircRNA),包括61(143)个上调的circRNA和107(163)个下调的circRNA。此外,RT-qPCR结果表明,八个DEcircRNA的表达趋势与转录组数据集一致。根据GO数据库注释,我们观察到AmCK1与AmT1(AmCK2与AmT2)中DEcircRNA的源基因参与了27(35)个功能术语,其中包括两(两个)与细胞更新相关的术语,七个(七个)与细胞结构相关的术语,以及一个(一个)免疫相关的术语。此外,AmCK1和AmT1中的DEcircRNA源基因参与了两个与细胞更新相关的通路,即Hippo和Wnt信号通路,以及三个与碳水化合物代谢相关的通路,即半乳糖代谢,淀粉和蔗糖代谢,果糖和甘露糖代谢,仅一个能量代谢-相关途径(氧化磷酸化途径),三种细胞免疫相关途径,内吞作用,吞噬体和溶酶体,以及体液免疫相关途径(FoxO信号传导途径)。在AmCK2与AmT2的比较组中,更多的DEcircRNAs源基因与上述与细胞更新,碳水化合物代谢以及细胞和体液免疫途径相关的途径相关。此外,7 dpi(10 dpi)的宿主中肠中有122(234)个DEcircRNA,其中有啤酒酵母靶向的82(106)个miRNA。此外,在AmCK1与AmT1(AmCK2与AmT2)中被86(178)个DEcircRNA靶向的75(103)miRNA进一步与215(305)mRNA结合。这些靶标可以被注释为与细胞更新,细胞结构,碳水化合物和能量代谢以及细胞和体液免疫有关的一系列功能性术语和途径。简而言之,我们首次探索了由DEcircRNA介导的A. m。中肠的免疫反应。女贞工作人员要感染ceranae ceranae。我们的数据为阐明西方蜜蜂对cerenae入侵免疫应答的分子机制奠定了基础,同时也为进一步了解蜜蜂微孢子虫病期间的宿主-病原体相互作用提供了新的见识。ceranae靶向82(106)个miRNA。此外,在AmCK1与AmT1(AmCK2与AmT2)中被86(178)个DEcircRNA靶向的75(103)个miRNA还与215(305)个mRNA结合。这些目标可以被注释为与细胞更新,细胞结构,碳水化合物和能量代谢以及细胞和体液免疫有关的一系列功能性术语和途径。简而言之,我们首次探索了由DEcircRNA介导的A. m。中肠的免疫反应。女贞工作人员要感染ceranae ceranae。我们的数据为阐明西方蜜蜂对cerenae入侵免疫应答的分子机制奠定了基础,同时也为进一步了解蜜蜂微孢子虫病期间的宿主-病原体相互作用提供了新的见识。ceranae靶向82(106)个miRNA。此外,在AmCK1与AmT1(AmCK2与AmT2)中被86(178)个DEcircRNA靶向的75(103)个miRNA还与215(305)个mRNA结合。这些目标可以被注释为与细胞更新,细胞结构,碳水化合物和能量代谢以及细胞和体液免疫有关的一系列功能性术语和途径。简而言之,我们首次探索了由DEcircRNA介导的A. m。中肠的免疫反应。女贞工作人员要感染ceranae ceranae。我们的数据为阐明西方蜜蜂对cerenae入侵免疫应答的分子机制奠定了基础,同时也为进一步了解蜜蜂微孢子虫病期间的宿主-病原体相互作用提供了新的见识。在AmCK1对AmT1(AmCK2对AmT2)中受86(178)个DEcircRNA靶向的75(103)个miRNA进一步与215(305)个mRNA结合。这些目标可以被注释为与细胞更新,细胞结构,碳水化合物和能量代谢以及细胞和体液免疫有关的一系列功能性术语和途径。简而言之,我们首次探索了由DEcircRNA介导的A. m。中肠的免疫反应。女贞工作人员要感染ceranae ceranae。我们的数据为阐明西方蜜蜂对cerenae入侵免疫应答的分子机制奠定了基础,同时也为进一步了解蜜蜂微孢子虫病期间的宿主-病原体相互作用提供了新的见识。在AmCK1对AmT1(AmCK2对AmT2)中受86(178)个DEcircRNA靶向的75(103)个miRNA进一步与215(305)个mRNA结合。这些目标可以被注释为与细胞更新,细胞结构,碳水化合物和能量代谢以及细胞和体液免疫有关的一系列功能性术语和途径。简而言之,我们首次探索了由DEcircRNA介导的A. m。中肠的免疫反应。女贞工作人员要感染ceranae ceranae。我们的数据为阐明西方蜜蜂对cerenae入侵免疫应答的分子机制奠定了基础,同时也为进一步了解蜜蜂微孢子虫病期间的宿主-病原体相互作用提供了新的见识。细胞结构,碳水化合物和能量代谢以及细胞和体液免疫。简而言之,我们首次探索了由DEcircRNA介导的A. m。中肠的免疫反应。女贞工作人员要感染ceranae ceranae。我们的数据为阐明西方蜜蜂对cerenae入侵免疫应答的分子机制奠定了基础,同时也为进一步了解蜜蜂微孢子虫病期间的宿主-病原体相互作用提供了新的见识。细胞结构,碳水化合物和能量代谢以及细胞和体液免疫。简而言之,我们首次探索了由DEcircRNA介导的A. m。中肠的免疫反应。女贞工作人员要感染ceranae ceranae。我们的数据为阐明西方蜜蜂对cerenae入侵免疫应答的分子机制奠定了基础,同时也为进一步了解蜜蜂微孢子虫病期间的宿主-病原体相互作用提供了新的见识。
更新日期:2020-10-27
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