The African Horn region that includes the Abyssinian is one of the areas in the world that harbor high human genetic diversity manifesting past intermingling of people of different origins attributed to its geographic immediacy to the middle east and being historical trade and religio-cultural hub. Here, we performed a genetic structure analysis of linguistically differentiated populations of Ethiopia, South Sudan, and Somali. To get insight into the genetic landscape of the horn of Africa vs the rest of the world, we leverage HapMap SNPs data from Utah residents with Northern and Western European ancestry (CEU), Maasai (MKK), and Yoruba (YRI) and analyzed for genetic admixture and diversity. The genetic and linguistic affiliations mismatch for most Cushitic and Semitic language speakers. The gradients of genetic variations among the different sub-populations within the region show gene-flow directions and past mass population movements. Ethiopians that predominately inhabited the central and northern Ethiopia harbored ~10-15% of CEU admixture. The total African horn ancestral line contributed ~20%, 5%, and 2% to MKK, YRI, and CEU, respectively. MKK showed a high genetic diversity comparable to the Ethiopian Cushitic, Semitic, and North Omotic language speakers. Allelic distribution frequencies among the populations at some outlier loci may also provide insight into the adaptations to critical environmental factors such as Malaria. Key words: Horn of Africa, Ethiopia, ancestry, genetic structure, linguistic variation, haplotype, adaptive loci, geneflow

中文翻译：

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阿比西尼亚人及其邻居的遗传和语言结构揭示了非洲之角地区的历史人口动态和环境适应。

包括阿比西尼亚人在内的非洲之角地区是世界上人类遗传资源丰富的地区之一，人类遗传多样性的高水平体现了过去不同种族之间的交融，这归因于其对中东的地理直接性，并且是历史贸易和宗教文化的枢纽。在这里，我们对埃塞俄比亚，南苏丹和索马里的语言差异人群进行了遗传结构分析。为了深入了解非洲之角与世界其他地区的遗传景观，我们利用了来自具有北欧和西欧血统（CEU），马赛（MKK）和约鲁巴（YRI）的犹他州居民的HapMap SNP数据，并进行了分析基因混合和多样性。对于大多数讲母语和说密语的人，遗传和语言从属关系不匹配。该区域内不同亚群之间的遗传变异梯度显示了基因流动方向和过去的群体迁移。埃塞俄比亚人主要居住在埃塞俄比亚中部和北部，约占CEU混合物的10-15％。非洲角祖先的总谱系分别为MKK，YRI和CEU贡献了约20％，5％和2％。MKK表现出很高的遗传多样性，可与埃塞俄比亚语的Cushitic，Semtic和North Omotic语言使用者媲美。等位基因在某些异常基因座的种群之间的分布频率也可能提供对关键环境因素（如疟疾）适应性的洞察力。关键词：非洲之角埃塞俄比亚血统遗传结构语言变异单倍型适应性基因座基因流 非洲角祖先的总谱系分别为MKK，YRI和CEU贡献了约20％，5％和2％。MKK表现出很高的遗传多样性，可与埃塞俄比亚语的Cushitic，Semtic和North Omotic语言使用者媲美。等位基因在某些异常基因座的种群之间的分布频率也可能提供对关键环境因素（如疟疾）适应性的洞察力。关键词：非洲之角埃塞俄比亚血统遗传结构语言变异单倍型适应性基因座基因流 非洲角祖先的总谱系分别为MKK，YRI和CEU贡献了约20％，5％和2％。MKK表现出很高的遗传多样性，可与埃塞俄比亚语的Cushitic，Semtic和North Omotic语言使用者媲美。等位基因在某些异常基因座的种群之间的分布频率也可能提供对关键环境因素（如疟疾）适应性的洞察力。关键词：非洲之角埃塞俄比亚血统遗传结构语言变异单倍型适应性基因座基因流 等位基因在某些异常基因座的种群之间的分布频率也可能提供对关键环境因素（如疟疾）适应性的洞察力。关键词：非洲之角埃塞俄比亚血统遗传结构语言变异单倍型适应性基因座基因流 等位基因在某些异常基因座的种群之间的分布频率也可能提供对关键环境因素（如疟疾）适应性的洞察力。关键词：非洲之角埃塞俄比亚血统遗传结构语言变异单倍型适应性基因座基因流