Protein folding under force is an integral source of generating mechanical energy in various cellular processes, ranging from protein translation to degradation. Although chaperones are well known to interact with proteins under mechanical force, how they respond to force and control cellular energetics remains unknown.

中文翻译：

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直接观察细菌分子伴侣在蛋白质折叠中的机械作用

蛋白质在力下折叠是在各种细胞过程中产生机械能的一个不可或缺的来源，从蛋白质翻译到降解。尽管众所周知，分子伴侣在机械力下与蛋白质相互作用，但它们如何响应力和控制细胞能量仍然未知。