Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) constitute technologies which enable vehicles to communicate with each other and with road infrastructure. Verification or testing is required for C-ITS applications, in order to assess their impact on traffic operation. In this work, a microscopic traffic simulation approach is used, to evaluate the impact of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) technologies in the context of a road traffic accident. Specifically, the methodology is implemented to explicitly models vehicles collisions, Road Hazard Warning (RHW), Emergency Electronic Brake Light (EEBL) warnings and the resulting driver behavior. Moreover, a new gap control mechanism is adopted, to improve safety by advising vehicles in hazard lane to increase their headways with respect to their preceding vehicle, so that they can avoid a collision. Perfect communication links to all vehicles are assumed. The study findings indicate that the proposed V2I hazard warning strategy has a positive impact on traffic flow safety and efficiency.

中文翻译：

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基于车辆对基础设施的道路危险预警系统影响评估的微观模拟方法

协作智能交通系统 (C-ITS) 构成了使车辆能够相互通信以及与道路基础设施通信的技术。C-ITS 应用需要验证或测试，以评估其对交通运营的影响。在这项工作中，使用微观交通模拟方法来评估车辆到基础设施 (V2I) 技术在道路交通事故背景下的影响。具体而言，该方法用于对车辆碰撞、道路危险警告 (RHW)、紧急电子制动灯 (EEBL) 警告和由此产生的驾驶员行为进行明确建模。此外，采用了新的间隙控制机制，通过建议危险车道中的车辆增加与前车的车距来提高安全性，这样他们就可以避免碰撞。假设与所有车辆的完美通信链接。研究结果表明，提议的 V2I 危险警告策略对交通流量安全和效率有积极影响。