Thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries is particularly dangerous in systems where runaway can propagate through many cells. To understand thermal runaway propagation in these systems, it is important to understand the differences between failure characteristics of the initial cell that fails due to an abuse event and subsequent cells that fail due to thermal runaway propagation. This work compares thermal runaway events for single cells failed using a heater with cells failed due to propagation in an array. Most of the tests were conducted in an inert environment within a pressure vessel. Cell clamping stress, vessel gas pressure and temperature data show that runaway in cells within an array traverses the cells more slowly and releases gas at a slower rate than singly failed cells. For heater-initiated cell failure, post-experiment cell teardowns suggest that thermal runaway originates at a single point and creates a gas flow stream that causes heavy damage and exits from one side of the cell. Teardowns of cells which failed due to array propagation show more uniform damage and gas release from a larger area.

中文翻译：

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用于传播的软包电池中热致失控的表征

锂离子电池的热失控在失控可以通过许多电池传播的系统中尤其危险。要了解这些系统中的热失控传播，重要的是要了解因滥用事件而失效的初始电池与因热失控传播而失效的后续电池的失效特征之间的差异。这项工作比较了使用加热器失败的单个电池的热失控事件与由于阵列中的传播而失败的电池。大多数测试是在压力容器内的惰性环境中进行的。电池夹紧应力、容器气体压力和温度数据表明，与单个失效电池相比，阵列内电池的失控穿过电池的速度更慢，释放气体的速度也更慢。对于加热器引发的电池故障，实验后的电池拆卸表明，热失控起源于单个点，并产生气流，造成严重损坏并从电池的一侧流出。由于阵列传播而失败的电池的拆卸显示出更大区域更均匀的损坏和气体释放。