In order to investigate the thermal runaway mechanism of 18650 lithium ion batteries and the related hazards, an experimental platform for lithium ion battery fire and explosion is designed and built. The effects of different arrangements, including vertical 2 × 2 and vertical 4 × 1, and initial pressure (96 kPa and 61 kPa) on lithium ion battery thermal runaway are studied in this paper. Compared with the results of thermal runaway characteristics with two arrangements, a higher explosion pressure, a larger mass loss, more O 2 consumption and more CO and CO 2 production are observed of vertical 2 × 2 batteries due to the larger contact area between batteries. The explosion pressure of vertical 4 × 1 batteries decreases gradually with thermal runaway propagation. For vertical 2 × 2 batteries, the explosion pressure of battery C, D is about twice as large as battery A. The intensity of chemical reaction is more violent under 96 kPa which cause a lower onset temperature and a shorter onset time than that under 61 kPa. The thermal runaway propagation hazard can be reduced by decreasing the contact area between batteries. The results could provide useful guidance for the safety of lithium ion battery transportation in civil aviation.

中文翻译：

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民航运输典型压力下不同布置方式对18650锂离子电池热失控特性的影响

为研究18650锂离子电池的热失控机理及相关危害，设计并搭建了锂离子电池起火爆炸实验平台。本文研究了包括垂直2×2和垂直4×1在内的不同布置以及初始压力（96 kPa和61 kPa）对锂离子电池热失控的影响。与两种排列的热失控特性结果相比，由于电池之间的接触面积较大，垂直2×2电池具有更高的爆炸压力、更大的质量损失、更多的O 2 消耗和更多的CO和CO 2 产生。垂直 4×1 电池的爆炸压力随着热失控传播而逐渐降低。对于立式 2×2 电池，电池 C 的爆炸压力，D大约是电池A的两倍大。在96 kPa下化学反应的强度更剧烈，比61 kPa下的起始温度更低，起始时间更短。可以通过减少电池之间的接触面积来降低热失控传播的危险。研究结果可为民航锂离子电池运输安全提供有益指导。