Cutaneous melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer and is a complex, heterogeneous disease in terms of its etiology, histopathology, and genetics. Genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models provide an important platform for investigations of specific hypotheses, and as such, there are multiple different mouse models that have been employed to answer crucial questions underlying the biology of melanoma. Each of these models has advantages and limitations. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has proposed a multi‐dimensional initiative that includes sex as an additional biological variable in basic and preclinical research in order to eliminate bias in data analysis.

中文翻译：

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模型相关结果：性别作为黑色素瘤临床前小鼠模型中的生物学变量

皮肤黑色素瘤是最致命的皮肤癌形式，在病因、组织病理学和遗传学方面是一种复杂的异质性疾病。基因工程小鼠 (GEM) 模型为研究特定假设提供了一个重要平台，因此，有多种不同的小鼠模型已被用于回答黑色素瘤生物学的关键问题。这些模型中的每一个都有优点和局限性。美国国立卫生研究院 (NIH) 提出了一项多维倡议，将性别作为基础和临床前研究中的附加生物学变量，以消除数据分析中的偏见。