Diabetic peripheral neuropathy and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are both global health challenges with well‐established diagnostic criteria and significant impacts on quality of life. Clinical observations, epidemiologic evidence, and animal models of disease have strongly suggested MetS is associated with an elevated risk for cryptogenic sensory peripheral neuropathy (CSPN). MetS neuropathy preferentially affects small unmyelinated axons early in its course, and it may also affect autonomic and large fibers. CSPN risk is linked to MetS and several of its components including obesity, dyslipidemia, and prediabetes. MetS also increases neuropathy risk in patients with established type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In this review we present animal data regarding the role of inflammation and dyslipidemia in MetS neuropathy pathogenesis. Several studies suggest exercise‐based lifestyle modification is a promising treatment approach for MetS neuropathy.

中文翻译：

---

代谢综合征和周围神经病变

糖尿病周围神经病变和代谢综合征（MetS）都是全球性健康挑战，具有公认的诊断标准，并且对生活质量产生重大影响。临床观察，流行病学证据和疾病动物模型强烈提示MetS与隐源性感觉周围神经病（CSPN）的风险升高有关。MetS神经病在其病程的早期会优先影响小的无髓轴突，并且也可能影响自主神经和大纤维。CSPN风险与MetS及其多个组成部分相关，包括肥胖，血脂异常和糖尿病前期。MetS还增加了患有1型和2型糖尿病的患者的神经病风险。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了有关炎症和血脂异常在MetS神经病发病机制中的作用的动物数据。