Indirect liquid cooling technique using the water‐cooled plate is an important way to cool the server. The manifold is the key component to connect the water‐cooled plates of servers. The flow distribution inside is directly related to the energy consumption of the cooling system. This paper proposed an optimization method for designing the manifold to obtain the uniform flow for each branch. Furthermore, to calculate the diameter distribution of the manifold, the pressure distribution model of the flow network is developed by applying the principle of equal pressure drops for each branch. Subsequently, the proposed model is validated by the finite element method under the turbulence condition. Investigations of the effects of static pressure variation coefficient, local loss, and frictional loss on the accuracy of proposed method reveal that the coefficient of variation in static pressure has a significant influence and the local loss has a slight effect. In addition, more precise calculations of the frictional loss can improve the accuracy of this method.

中文翻译：

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服务器机柜歧管内均匀流分布的优化方法

使用水冷板的间接液体冷却技术是冷却服务器的一种重要方法。歧管是连接服务器水冷板的关键组件。内部的流量分配与冷却系统的能耗直接相关。本文提出了一种设计歧管的优化方法，以获得每个分支的均匀流量。此外，为了计算歧管的直径分布，通过应用每个分支的等压降原理，建立了流动网络的压力分布模型。随后，在湍流条件下通过有限元方法对提出的模型进行了验证。研究静压变化系数，局部损耗，摩擦损失对所提方法的准确性的影响表明，静压力的变化系数影响很大，局部损失影响较小。此外，更精确的摩擦损耗计算可以提高该方法的准确性。