Children at risk for neglect or abuse are vulnerable to delays in inhibitory control development. Prior findings suggest that early parenting interventions that target parental sensitivity and responsiveness during infancy can improve executive function outcomes of high‐risk children during preschool years; however, little is known about how persistent these gains are through middle childhood. Participants included 76 CPS‐involved children who were randomly assigned to either the ABC intervention (N = 32) or the Developmental Education for Families (DEF) control intervention (N = 44), and 53 low‐risk children. Children completed the Stop Signal Reaction Time (SSRT) paradigm at ages 8 and 10. Intervention group predicted performance on the SSRT at age 8 such that children who received the ABC intervention and children in the low‐risk group performed significantly better than children who received the DEF intervention (ABC vs. DEF: Cohen's d = 0.92; low‐risk group vs. DEF: d = 0.56). The performances of the ABC and the low‐risk groups were not statistically different. There were no significant group differences in SSRT performance at age 10. These findings demonstrate that the ABC intervention has long‐term beneficial effects on inhibitory control development in children with a history of early caregiving adversity. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://youtu.be/P9oLyfo7pYA

中文翻译：

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早期育儿干预加速了儿童中期参与 CPS 的儿童的抑制性控制发展：一项随机临床试验

处于被忽视或虐待风险中的儿童容易受到抑制性控制发育延迟的影响。先前的研究结果表明，针对婴儿期父母敏感性和反应性的早期养育干预可以改善学龄前高危儿童的执行功能结果；然而，人们对这些成果在童年中期的持续性知之甚少。参与者包括 76 名参与 CPS 的儿童，他们被随机分配到 ABC 干预（N  = 32）或家庭发展教育（DEF）控制干预（N = 44) 和 53 名低风险儿童。儿童在 8 岁和 10 岁时完成了停止信号反应时间 (SSRT) 范式。干预组预测了 8 岁时 SSRT 的表现，因此接受 ABC 干预的儿童和低风险组的儿童的表现明显优于接受 ABC 干预的儿童DEF 干预（ABC 与 DEF：Cohen's d =  0.92；低风险组与 DEF：d = 0.56)。ABC组和低风险组的表现没有统计学差异。10 岁时 SSRT 的表现没有显着的组间差异。这些研究结果表明，ABC 干预对有早期护理逆境史的儿童的抑制性控制发展具有长期的有益影响。本文的视频摘要可以在 https://youtu.be/P9oLyfo7pYA 观看