Due to the intermittent nature of sunlight, practical round-trip solar energy utilization systems require both efficient solar energy conversion and inexpensive large-scale energy storage. Conventional round-trip solar energy utilization systems typically rely on the combination of two or more separated devices to fulfill such requirements. Integrated solar flow batteries (SFBs) are a new type of device that integrates solar energy conversion and electrochemical storage. In SFBs, the solar energy absorbed by photoelectrodes is converted into chemical energy by charging up redox couples dissolved in electrolyte solutions in contact with the photoelectrodes. To deliver electricity on demand, the reverse redox reactions are carried out to release chemical energy stored in redox couples as one would do in the discharge of a normal redox flow battery (RFB). The integrated design of SFBs enables all the functions demanded by round trip solar energy utilization systems to be realized within a single device. Leveraging rapidly developing parallel technologies of photovoltaic solar cells and RFBs, significant progress in the field of SFBs has been made in the past few years. This Account aims to provide a general reference and tutorial for researchers who are interested in SFBs, and to describe the design principles and thus facilitate the development of this nascent field.

中文翻译：

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集成太阳能流电池的设计原理和发展

由于阳光的间歇性，实用的往返太阳能利用系统既需要有效的太阳能转换又需要廉价的大规模储能。常规的往返太阳能利用系统通常依赖于两个或更多个分开的设备的组合来满足这种要求。集成式太阳能液流电池（SFB）是一种将太阳能转换和电化学存储集成在一起的新型设备。在SFB中，通过使溶解在与光电极接触的电解质溶液中的氧化还原对充电，将光电极吸收的太阳能转换为化学能。为了按需提供电力，进行反向氧化还原反应以释放存储在氧化还原对中的化学能，就像在正常氧化还原液流电池（RFB）放电中所做的那样。SFB的集成设计使往返太阳能利用系统所需的所有功能都可以在单个设备中实现。利用快速发展的光伏太阳能电池和RFB并行技术，SFB领域在过去几年中已取得了重大进展。该帐户旨在为对SFB感兴趣的研究人员提供一般参考和教程，并描述设计原理，从而促进这一新兴领域的发展。利用快速发展的光伏太阳能电池和RFB并行技术，SFB领域在过去几年中已取得了重大进展。该帐户旨在为对SFB感兴趣的研究人员提供一般参考和教程，并描述设计原理，从而促进这一新兴领域的发展。利用迅速发展的光伏太阳能电池和RFB并行技术，SFB领域在过去几年中已取得了重大进展。该帐户旨在为对SFB感兴趣的研究人员提供一般参考和教程，并描述设计原理，从而促进这一新兴领域的发展。