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Robustness of supply chain networks against underload cascading failures
Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2020.125466
Qihui Yang , Caterina M. Scoglio , Don M. Gruenbacher

In today’s global economy, supply chain (SC) entities have become increasingly interconnected with demand and supply relationships due to the need for strategic outsourcing. Such interdependence among firms not only increases efficiency but also creates more vulnerabilities in the system. Natural and human-made disasters such as floods and transport accidents may halt operations and lead to economic losses. Due to the interdependence among firms, the adverse effects of any disruption can be amplified and spread throughout the systems. This paper aims at studying the robustness of SC networks against cascading failures. Considering the upper and lower bound load constraints, i.e., inventory and cost, we examine the fraction of failed entities under load decrease and load fluctuation scenarios. The simulation results obtained from synthetic networks and a European supply chain network (Cardoso et al., 2015) both confirm that the recovery strategies of surplus inventory and backup suppliers often adopted in actual SCs can enhance the system robustness, compared with the system without the recovery process. In addition, the system is relatively robust against load fluctuations but is more fragile to demand shocks. For the underload-driven model without the recovery process, we found an occurrence of a discontinuous phase transition. Differently from other systems studied under overload cascading failures, this system is more robust for power-law distributions than uniform distributions of the lower bound parameter for the studied scenarios.



中文翻译:

供应链网络针对欠载级联故障的鲁棒性

在当今的全球经济中,由于需要战略外包,供应链(SC)实体与需求和供应关系之间的联系日益紧密。公司之间的这种相互依赖关系不仅提高了效率,而且在系统中产生了更多的漏洞。洪水和交通事故等自然和人为灾害可能会导致作业中断并造成经济损失。由于公司之间的相互依存关系,任何干扰的不利影响都可以放大并散布到整个系统中。本文旨在研究SC网络对级联故障的鲁棒性。考虑到负载限制的上限和下限,即库存和成本,我们检查了在负载减少和负载波动情况下失效实体的比例。从综合网络和欧洲供应链网络获得的模拟结果(Cardoso等人,2015)均证实,与不使用网络的系统相比,实际供应链中经常采用的剩余库存和备用供应商的回收策略可以提高系统的鲁棒性。恢复过程。另外,该系统对负载波动具有相对较强的抵抗力,但对需求冲击更脆弱。对于没有恢复过程的欠负载驱动模型,我们发现发生了不连续的相变。与在过载级联故障下研究的其他系统不同,该系统在功率定律分布方面比在研究场景中下限参数的均匀分布更健壮。(2015年)都确认,与没有回收流程的系统相比,实际供应链中经常采用的剩余库存和备用供应商的回收策略可以增强系统的稳定性。另外,该系统对负载波动具有相对较强的抵抗力,但对需求冲击更脆弱。对于没有恢复过程的欠负载驱动模型,我们发现发生了不连续的相变。与在过载级联故障下研究的其他系统不同,该系统在功率定律分布方面比在研究场景中下限参数的均匀分布更健壮。(2015年)都确认,与没有回收流程的系统相比,实际供应链中经常采用的剩余库存和备用供应商的回收策略可以增强系统的稳定性。另外,该系统对负载波动具有相对较强的抵抗力,但对需求冲击更脆弱。对于没有恢复过程的欠负载驱动模型,我们发现发生了不连续的相变。与在过载级联故障下研究的其他系统不同,该系统在功率定律分布方面比在研究场景中下限参数的均匀分布更健壮。该系统对负载波动具有相对较强的抵抗力,但对需求冲击更脆弱。对于没有恢复过程的欠负载驱动模型,我们发现发生了不连续的相变。与在过载级联故障下研究的其他系统不同,该系统在功率定律分布方面比在研究场景中下限参数的均匀分布更健壮。该系统对负载波动具有相对较强的抵抗力,但对需求冲击更脆弱。对于没有恢复过程的欠负载驱动模型,我们发现发生了不连续的相变。与在过载级联故障下研究的其他系统不同,该系统在功率定律分布方面比在研究场景中下限参数的均匀分布更健壮。

更新日期:2020-10-29
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