The U.S. food system is rapidly changing, including the growth of mass merchandisers and dollar stores, which may impact the quality of packaged food purchases (PFPs). Furthermore, diet-related disparities exist by socioeconomic status (SES) and rural residence. We use data from the 2010–2018 Nielsen Homescan Panel to describe the nutritional profiles of PFPs by store type and to assess whether these vary by household urbanicity and SES. Store types include grocery stores, mass merchandisers, club stores, online shopping, dollar stores, and convenience/drug stores. Food and beverage groups contributing the most calories at each store type are estimated using survey-weighted means, while the associations of urbanicity and SES with nutritional quality are estimated using multivariate regression. We find that households that are customers at particular store types purchase the same quality of food regardless of urbanicity or SES. However, we find differences in the quality of foods between store types and that the quantity of calories purchased at each store type varies according to household urbanicity and SES. Rural shoppers tend to shop more at mass merchandisers and dollar stores with less healthful PFPs. We discuss implications for the types of store interventions most relevant for improving the quality of PFPs.

中文翻译：

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按商店类型划分的家庭包装食品购买营养质量的城乡社会经济差异

美国食品系统正在迅速变化，包括大量商家和美元商店的增长，这可能会影响包装食品采购 (PFP​​) 的质量。此外，社会经济地位 (SES) 和农村居住地存在与饮食相关的差异。我们使用 2010-2018 年 Nielsen Homescan Panel 的数据来描述按商店类型划分的 PFP 的营养状况，并评估这些状况是否因家庭城市化程度和 SES 的不同而有所不同。商店类型包括杂货店、大卖场、俱乐部商店、网上购物、一元店和便利/药店。使用调查加权平均值估计每种商店类型中贡献最多卡路里的食品和饮料组，而使用多元回归估计城市化和 SES 与营养质量的关联。我们发现作为特定商店类型顾客的家庭购买相同质量的食物，而不管城市化程度或社会经济地位如何。然而，我们发现商店类型之间的食物质量存在差异，并且在每种商店类型中购买的卡路里数量因家庭城市化程度和社会经济地位而异。农村购物者倾向于在大宗商品店和一元店购物，而 PFP 的健康状况较差。我们讨论了对提高 PFP 质量最相关的商店干预类型的影响。农村购物者倾向于在大宗商品店和一元店购物，而 PFP 的健康状况较差。我们讨论了对提高 PFP 质量最相关的商店干预类型的影响。农村购物者倾向于在大宗商品店和一元店购物，而 PFP 的健康状况较差。我们讨论了对提高 PFP 质量最相关的商店干预类型的影响。