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Patient-Derived Xenograft vs. Organoids: A Preliminary Analysis of Cancer Research Output, Funding and Human Health Impact in 2014–2019
Animals ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 , DOI: 10.3390/ani10101923
Lindsay J. Marshall , Marcia Triunfol , Troy Seidle

Cancer remains a major threat to mortality and morbidity globally, despite intense research and generous funding. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models—where tumor biopsies are injected into an animal—were developed to improve the predictive capacity of preclinical animal models. However, recent observations have called into question the clinical relevance, and therefore the translational accuracy, of these. Patient-derived organoids (PDO) use patient tumor samples to create in vitro models that maintain aspects of tumor structure and heterogeneity. We undertook a preliminary analysis of the number of breast, colorectal, and lung cancer research studies using PDX or PDO published worldwide between 2014–2019. We looked for evidence of impacts of this research on human health. The number of publications that focused on PDO is gradually increasing over time, but is still very low compared to publications using PDX models. Support for new research projects using PDO is gradually increasing, a promising indicator of a shift towards more human-relevant approaches to understanding human disease. Overall, increases in total funding for these three major cancer types does not appear to be translating to any consequential increase in outputs, defined for this purpose as publications associated with clinical trials. With increasing public discomfort in research using animals and demands for ‘alternative’ methods, it is timely to consider how to implement non-animal methods more effectively

中文翻译:

患者衍生的异种移植物与类器官的关系:2014-2019年癌症研究成果,资金和人类健康影响的初步分析

尽管进行了广泛的研究和慷慨的资助,癌症仍然是全球范围内死亡率和发病率的主要威胁。已开发出患者来源的异种移植(PDX)模型(将肿瘤活检样品注射到动物体内)以提高临床前动物模型的预测能力。但是,最近的观察结果使人们怀疑它们的临床相关性,以及由此而来的翻译准确性。患者来源的类器官(PDO)使用患者的肿瘤样本创建体外模型,以维持肿瘤结构和异质性的各个方面。我们对2014-2019年间全球发布的使用PDX或PDO进行的乳腺癌,结肠直肠癌和肺癌研究数量进行了初步分析。我们寻找了这项研究对人类健康的影响的证据。随着时间的推移,专注于PDO的出版物数量逐渐增加,但是与使用PDX模型的出版物相比,数量仍然很少。对使用PDO的新研究项目的支持正在逐渐增加,这是朝着与人类更相关的方法来理解人类疾病的有希望的指标。总体而言,这三种主要癌症类型的总资金增加似乎并不意味着产出的相应增加,为此目的定义为与临床试验相关的出版物。随着公众对使用动物进行研究的不舒适感的增加以及对“替代”方法的需求,现在应该考虑如何更有效地实施非动物方法 一个有希望的指标,表明人们正在朝着与人类相关的方式来理解人类疾病。总体而言,这三种主要癌症类型的总资金增加似乎并不意味着产出的相应增加,为此目的定义为与临床试验相关的出版物。随着公众对使用动物进行研究的不舒适感的增加以及对“替代”方法的需求,现在应该考虑如何更有效地实施非动物方法 一个有希望的指标,表明人们正在朝着与人类相关的方式来理解人类疾病。总体而言,这三种主要癌症类型的总资金增加似乎并不意味着产出的相应增加,为此目的定义为与临床试验相关的出版物。随着公众对使用动物进行研究的不舒适感的增加以及对“替代”方法的需求,现在应该考虑如何更有效地实施非动物方法
更新日期:2020-10-20
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