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Identification and characterization of a fibroblast growth factor gene in the planarian Dugesia japonica
Development, Growth & Differentiation ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 , DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12696
Mohammad Abdul Auwal 1 , Makoto Kashima 2 , Osamu Nishimura 2 , Kazutaka Hosoda 1 , Minako Motoishi 1 , Akifumi Kamimura 1 , Akinori Okumura 1 , Kiyokazu Agata 2, 3 , Yoshihiko Umesono 1
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Planarians belong to the phylum Platyhelminthes and can regenerate their missing body parts after injury via activation of somatic pluripotent stem cells called neoblasts. Previous studies suggested that fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling plays a crucial role in the regulation of head tissue differentiation during planarian regeneration. To date, however, no FGF homologues in the Platyhelminthes have been reported. Here, we used a planarian Dugesia japonica model and identified an fgf gene termed Djfgf, which encodes a putative secreted protein with a core FGF domain characteristic of the FGF8/17/18 subfamily in bilaterians. Using Xenopus embryos, we found that DjFGF has FGF activity as assayed by Xbra induction. We next examined Djfgf expression in non‐regenerating intact and regenerating planarians. In intact planarians, Djfgf was expressed in the auricles in the head and the pharynx. In the early process of regeneration, Djfgf was transiently expressed in a subset of differentiated cells around wounds. Notably, Djfgf expression was highly induced in the process of head regeneration when compared to that in the tail regeneration. Furthermore, assays of head regeneration from tail fragments revealed that combinatorial actions of the anterior extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and posterior Wnt/ß‐catenin signaling restricted Djfgf expression to a certain anterior body part. This is the region where neoblasts undergo active proliferation to give rise to their differentiating progeny in response to wounding. The data suggest the possibility that DjFGF may act as an anterior counterpart of posteriorly localized Wnt molecules and trigger neoblast responses involved in planarian head regeneration.

中文翻译:

涡虫Dugesia japonica成纤维细胞生长因子基因的鉴定和表征

涡虫属于扁形动物门,可以通过激活称为新母细胞的体细胞多能干细胞在受伤后再生其缺失的身体部位。以前的研究表明,成纤维细胞生长因子 (FGF) 信号在涡虫再生过程中对头部组织分化的调节起着至关重要的作用。然而,迄今为止,尚未报道扁形动物中的 FGF 同系物。在这里,我们使用了涡虫Dugesia japonica模型并鉴定了一种称为Djfgffgf基因,该基因编码一种推定的分泌蛋白,其核心 FGF 结构域具有双边动物中 FGF8/17/18 亚家族的特征。使用非洲爪蟾胚胎,我们发现 DjFGF 具有通过Xbra测定的 FGF 活性就职。我们接下来检查了非再生完整涡虫和再生涡虫中的Djfgf表达。在完整的涡虫中,Djfgf在头部和咽部的耳廓中表达。在再生的早期过程中,Djfgf在伤口周围的分化细胞子集中瞬时表达。值得注意的是,与尾部再生相比,头部再生过程中高度诱导了Djfgf表达。此外,尾部片段的头部再生分析表明,前部细胞外信号调节激酶 (ERK) 和后部 Wnt/ß-catenin 信号的组合作用限制了Djfgf表达到某个身体前部。这是新生细胞经历积极增殖以产生其分化后代以响应受伤的区域。数据表明 DjFGF 可能作为后部定位 Wnt 分子的前部对应物并触发参与涡虫头部再生的新生细胞反应的可能性。
更新日期:2020-12-21
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