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Clockwise and counterclockwise hysteresis characterize state changes in the same aquatic ecosystem
Ecology Letters ( IF 8.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 , DOI: 10.1111/ele.13625
Amanda C Northrop 1 , Vanessa Avalone 1 , Aaron M Ellison 2 , Bryan A Ballif 1 , Nicholas J Gotelli 1
Affiliation  

Incremental increases in a driver variable, such as nutrients or detritus, can trigger abrupt shifts in aquatic ecosystems that may exhibit hysteretic dynamics and a slow return to the initial state. A model system for understanding these dynamics is the microbial assemblage that inhabits the cup‐shaped leaves of the pitcher plant Sarracenia purpurea. With enrichment of organic matter, this system flips within three days from an oxygen‐rich state to an oxygen‐poor state. In a replicated greenhouse experiment, we enriched pitcher‐plant leaves at different rates with bovine serum albumin (BSA), a molecular substitute for detritus. Changes in dissolved oxygen (DO) and undigested BSA concentration were monitored during enrichment and recovery phases. With increasing enrichment rates, the dynamics ranged from clockwise hysteresis (low), to environmental tracking (medium), to novel counter‐clockwise hysteresis (high). These experiments demonstrate that detrital enrichment rate can modulate a diversity of hysteretic responses within a single aquatic ecosystem, and suggest different management strategies may be needed to mitigate the effects of high vs. low rates of detrital enrichment.

中文翻译:

顺时针和逆时针滞后表征同一水生生态系统中的状态变化

驱动变量(例如营养物质或碎屑)的增量增加可能引发水生生态系统的突然变化,这可能会表现出滞后动态和缓慢恢复到初始状态。理解这些动态的模型系统是居住在猪笼草瓶子草杯状叶子上的微生物组合. 随着有机物的富集,该系统在三天内从富氧状态转变为缺氧状态。在重复的温室实验中,我们用牛血清白蛋白(BSA)(一种碎屑的分子替代品)以不同的比率富集猪笼草叶子。在富集和恢复阶段监测溶解氧 (DO) 和未消化 BSA 浓度的变化。随着富集率的增加,动态范围从顺时针滞后(低)到环境跟踪(中),再到新的逆时针滞后(高)。这些实验表明,碎屑富集率可以调节单个水生生态系统内的滞后反应的多样性,并表明可能需要不同的管理策略来减轻碎屑富集率高与低的影响。
更新日期:2020-12-12
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