Obtaining castings of a given quality is the main task of foundry production. One of the stages of casting technology is melt solidification in the mold. When studying the casting solidification process, it is necessary to fully consider all the features of heat transfer between casting and mold. The influence of various thermophysical parameters of alloy and mold material on casting formation is considered. In the analysis, original mathematical models were used to calculate the coefficient and time of complete casting solidification in sand-clay and metal forms. These models consider geometric parameters of casting, main thermophysical parameters of casting metal and mold material, heat transfer conditions at crystallization front, on casting-mold boundary and on the mold surface. The analysis of time dependence and casting solidification rate on thermophysical parameters (heat capacity, density, heat conductivity of casting material and mold, specific heat of metal crystallization) was carried out. The storage capacity and heat storage process are fully characterized by the value of heat storage coefficient. This coefficient practically determines the rate of heat loss by the casting which plays a decisive role in its properties forming. Therefore, this parameter is selected for a comprehensive analysis of thermal processes occurring in casting and mold. The influence of thickness and thermal conductivity of the chill paint layer on casting solidification in metal molds is considered. The basic calculation formulas and initial data are presented. Calculations were carried out for castings of the following types: endless plate, endless cylinder, and ball. The simulation results of solidification process parameters are presented in graphic form. Using various alloys as an example, it has been shown by calculations that it is possible to change time and speed of alloy solidification in a wide range when changing the composition and properties of mold material. In this case, the processes for forming the structure and properties of castings are controlled.

中文翻译：

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合金和模具材料的热物理特性对铸件凝固速度的影响

获得特定质量的铸件是铸造生产的主要任务。铸造技术的阶段之一是模具中的熔体凝固。在研究铸件凝固过程时，要充分考虑铸件与结晶器之间传热的所有特点。考虑了合金和模具材料的各种热物理参数对铸件成形的影响。在分析中，使用原始数学模型计算砂粘土和金属形式的铸件完全凝固的系数和时间。这些模型考虑了铸件的几何参数、铸件金属和模具材料的主要热物理参数、结晶前沿、铸模边界和模具表面的传热条件。分析了铸件凝固速度对热物理参数（热容、密度、铸件材料和模具的导热系数、金属结晶比热）的影响。蓄热系数的大小可以充分表征蓄热能力和蓄热过程。该系数实际上决定了铸件的热损失率，这在其性能形成中起决定性作用。因此，选择该参数是为了对铸件和模具中发生的热过程进行综合分析。考虑了冷硬漆层的厚度和导热系数对金属模具中铸件凝固的影响。给出了基本计算公式和初始数据。对以下类型的铸件进行了计算：无限板、无限圆柱和球。凝固过程参数的模拟结果以图形形式呈现。以各种合金为例，计算表明，改变模具材料的成分和性能，可以在较大范围内改变合金凝固的时间和速度。在这种情况下，控制形成铸件结构和性能的过程。