Abstract—

Over the past decade, the solar industry in Russia has been rapidly developing, and its technical means have become cheaper. The effort of general engineering has been focused on the technology of photovoltaic converters; its commercial indicators and implementation level now prevail over that of liquid solar collectors. In some cases, however, solar collectors can still be cost-effective, e.g., if the consumer does not have alternative low-cost energy sources, such as natural gas or low-cost electricity from a centralized supply system. Nevertheless, some applications can be identified where they will be proved competitive and economically viable even within centralized energy supply systems. This paper discusses an example of efficient implementation of unglazed solar collectors mounted on the roof of central heat supply gas stations for pre-heating cold water in the city of Gelendzhik, Krasnodar krai. The low cost of generated heat, 0.005 USD (kWh)^–1 with the cost of solar collectors being 107 USD m^–2, is ensured by the simplicity of the chosen system design. The payback period was less than 3 years. The experience of using unglazed solar collectors in a district heating system of Gelendzhik has proved to be successful and can be recommended for distribution under similar climate conditions.

中文翻译：

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在区域供热系统中使用无釉太阳能集热器的经验

摘要—

在过去的十年中，俄罗斯的太阳能产业发展迅速，其技术手段也越来越便宜。通用工程的工作重点已放在光伏转换器技术上。现在其商业指标和实施水平已经超过了液体太阳能集热器。但是，在某些情况下，例如，如果用户没有替代的低成本能源（例如天然气或来自中央供应系统的低成本电力），太阳能集热器仍然可以保持成本效益。但是，即使在集中式能源供应系统中，也可以确定某些应用程序在竞争和经济上可行的地方被确定。本文讨论了一个有效安装无玻璃太阳能集热器的示例，该集热器安装在克拉斯诺达尔克拉伊州格连吉克市的中央供热加油站屋顶上，用于预热冷水。发热成本低，0.005美元（kWh）^–1的太阳能集热器成本为107美元m ^–2，这是由所选系统设计的简单性确保的。投资回收期少于3年。事实证明，在格连吉克（Gelendzhik）的区域供热系统中使用无釉太阳能集热器的经验很成功，可以推荐在类似的气候条件下进行分布。